Esthetic Evaluation of Facial Prostheses Fabricated Using Direct and Indirect Additive Manufacturing Techniques: A Pilot Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial

All participants will undergo 3-dimentional facial scan and the defect site will be scanned using intraoral scanner. the data will be extracted in Standard tessellation Language (STL) and used in virtual prosthesis reconstruction.

• (Group 1) involves direct printing of the final prosthesis using biocompatible rubber-like printable soft resin.
• Group 2, involves direct manufacturing of the negative mold, it will be virtually designed based on an inverted STL file of prosthesis prototype/ pattern.
• Group 3, involves fabrication of the negative mold indirectly by printing the prosthesis prototype from resin and then duplicating it into wax and a conventional stone mold will be fabricated.
• The negative molds of both groups 2&3 will be used in packing medical grade silicone (to cast the final prosthesis.
• All final prostheses will be colored and characterized to match the surrounding anatomy.
• Esthetic outcomes will be assessed using VAS scale by answering operator and patient related questionnaires. The patient related questionnaire will be translated to the patients and responses will be recorded. For each patient, a score will be given from 1-5.
• Prosthesis accuracy will be assessed using Medit software, comparing the scan of the final prosthesis to the STL of the prosthesis design and the root mean square (RMS) will be recorded.