ILLUMENATE Below-The-Knee (BTK) Arteries: a Post Market Clinical Study

Phase 4

Completed

• Conditions: Peripheral Arterial Disease
• Interventions: Combination Product: StellarexTM 0.014" Over-The-Wire Drug-coated Angioplasty Balloon

• Registration Number: NCT03395236
• Lead Sponsor: Spectranetics Corporation

Brief Summary

The objective of this prospective, multi-center, single arm study is to obtain further data on the safety and performance of the StellarexTM 0.014" OTW Drug-coated Angioplasty Balloon in the treatment of lesions in "below the knee" popliteal (P3 segment) and infra-popliteal arteries according to the Instructions for Use in Rutherford-Becker Classification (RCC) 3, 4 and 5 patient populations. This study will be conducted in Europe across up to 10 centers in up to 75 subjects. Office visits will occur at 30 days, 6, 12, and 24 months post-index procedure.

Detailed Description

There is a significant amount of evidence that the use of Paclitaxel-coated balloons in the treatment of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has demonstrated favorable outcomes when used to treat lesions in the superficial femoral and popliteal arteries. For subjects with lesions in the infrapopliteal arteries, which includes lesions in the mid to distal popliteal artery and below, a smaller profile balloon is necessary. Typically, lesions in the SFA and proximal popliteal arteries are treated by larger diameter balloons and larger sized guidewires (most commonly 0.018" or 0.035") which are too large for vessels below-the-knee. For this reason, the Stellarex™ 0.014" OTW Drug-coated Angioplasty Balloon was developed as a line extension to the Stellarex™ 0.035" device in order to accommodate the treatment of these smaller vessels. The Stellarex™ 0.014" balloon has the same drug concentration and is manufactured using a similar method as the Stellarex™ 0.035" device. Additionally, the Stellarex™ 0.035" and 0.014" balloon share a common balloon diameter of 4 mm, a size which was used to treat lesions throughout the popliteal artery in the previous Stellarex 0.035" studies. For the reasons noted above, equivalence between the two devices has been demonstrated. Furthermore, it is believed that the 0.014" device will not demonstrate any performance differences nor change the anticipated or residual risks.

In conclusion, the current study has been developed in agreement with post-market requirements as per the Post Market Clinical Follow up (PMCF) plan. The prospective design of the study, the sample size and the selected outcomes will be able to provide the additional clinical information to support the safe use and performance of the Stellarex 0.014" device in the intended population of patients with below-the-knee arterial disease.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2017-12-01
• Study First Submitted QC: 2018-01-03
• Study First Posted: 2018-01-10
• Study Start: 2018-04-20
• Primary Completion: 2023-08-23
• Study Completion: 2023-08-23
• Status Verified: 2023-11
• Last Update Submitted: 2024-01-23
• Last Update Posted: 2024-01-24

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 49

Inclusion Criteria

1. Subjects intended to be treated with the Stellarex 0.014" Drug-Coated Balloon for de-novo or restenotic lesions in native "below the knee" popliteal (P3 segment) and infra-popliteal arteries ending at the tibiotalar joint (ankle), as per the Instruction for Use (IFU).
2. Rutherford-Becker clinical category classification (RCC) 3 patients with claudication or RCC 4 or 5 subjects with documented Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI) defined as 2.1 RCC 3 subjects: subjects with severe claudication 2.2 RCC 4 subjects: subjects with persistent, recurring ischemic rest pain requiring analgesia for at least two weeks or 2.3 RCC 5 subjects: subjects with minor tissue loss of the foot or toes or
3. Age ≥18 years old.
4. Reconstitution of the target vessel at the ankle and run-off into a patent dorsalis pedis or plantar arteries defined as <50% stenosis by visual estimate.
5. Is able and willing to provide written informed consent and comply with all required follow-up evaluations within the defined follow-up visit windows prior to enrollment in the study.
6. Life expectancy > 1 year.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Subjects with any medical condition that would make him/her inappropriate for treatment with the Stellarex balloon as per the Instructions for Use (IFU) or in the opinion of the investigator.

2. Has impaired renal function defined as serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dl that cannot be adequately pre-treated or subjects on dialysis.

3. Subjects already enrolled in other investigational (interventional) studies that would interfere with study endpoints.

4. Subjects that in the judgment of the investigator would require treatment of the contralateral limb within 3 days prior to the index procedure or 30 days after. Note: Unless contralateral treatment is required to facilitate adequate access to the target lesion (e.g. contralateral iliac).

5. Previous or planned surgical or catheter-based procedure within 3 days before or 30 days after the index procedure. Note: This excludes successful inflow artery treatment within the same hospitalization or a documented preplanned minor amputation.

   • Successful inflow artery treatment is defined as attainment of residual diameter stenosis ≤ 30% without major vascular complication (e.g. absence of flow-limiting dissection, embolic event). These inflow arteries must be treated without the need for laser, atherectomy, thrombectomy, cryoplasty, brachytherapy and cutting/scoring balloons. Treatment with a Stellarex DCB of the inflow lesion, if according to its intended use, is allowed.

6. Prior endovascular treatment of the target lesion within three (3) months of the index procedure.

7. Prior stent placement in the target lesion(s).

8. Single focal lesion < 4cm in length in the absence of additional treatable popliteal or infra-popliteal lesions.

9. Subjects confined to bed that are completely non-ambulatory.

10. For RCC 5 subjects: Non-arterial ulcers such as venous ulcers, neurotrophic ulcers, heel pressure ulcers, ulcers potentially involving calcaneus region or ulcers in the proximal one-half of the foot or higher (from mid-foot and higher going up the leg).

11. Subjects scheduled to undergo a planned major amputation.

12. Presence of concentric calcification that precludes adequate vessel preparation per IFU.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Treatment	StellarexTM 0.014" Over-The-Wire Drug-coated Angioplasty Balloon	StellarexTM 0.014 OTW Drug-coated Angioplasty Balloon (Stellarex Balloon)

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Primary Performance Endpoint-Composite patency + limb salvage through 6 months; the composite is the number of participants with patency and limb salvage at 6 months	6 months	Patency defined as freedom from occluded target lesions (flow/no flow) verified by duplex ultrasound and clinically-driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR) Freedom from major amputation in the Target Limb; This is a single endpoint as only subjects with both patency and limb salvage will be considered for this endpoint.
Primary Safety Endpoint-Composite Major Adverse Limb Events (MALE) + perioperative death (POD); the composite is the number of participants who do not have MALE or POD at 30 days	30 days	Major Adverse Limb Event (MALE) is defined as the composite of either major amputation or major re-intervention through 30 days of the index procedure. Major re-intervention is defined as creation of a new surgical bypass graft, the use of thrombectomy or thrombolysis or a major surgical graft revision such as a jump graft or an interposition graft. This is a single endpoint as it is a composite only subjects who do not have MALE or POD will be counted toward this endpoint MALE is defined as the composite of either major amputation or major re-intervention through 30 days of the index procedure. Major re-intervention is defined as creation of a new surgical bypass graft, the use of thrombectomy or thrombolysis or a major surgical graft revision such as a jump graft or an interposition graft. POD is all-cause death through 30 days of the index procedure.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in ankle-brachial index (ABI) from pre-procedure to 6 months	6 months	Change in ankle-brachial index (ABI) from pre-procedure
Rate of CD-TLR at 6, 12 and 24 months	24 months	Rate of CD-TLR
Patency rate at 6, 12 and 24 months, defined as the presence of target lesion flow (absence of occlusion or no flow) as determined by Duplex Ultrasound (DUS) and freedom from CD-TLR	24 months	Patency rate
Rate of device or procedure related death at 30 days	30 days	Rate of device or procedure related death
Rate of major target limb amputation at 6 months post-procedure	6 months	Rate of major target limb amputation
Rate of major target limb amputation at 24 months post-procedure	24 months	Rate of major target limb amputation
Rate of clinically driven target vessel revascularization through 6 months	6 months	Rate of clinically driven target vessel revascularization
Rate of clinically driven target vessel revascularization through 12 months	12 months	Rate of clinically driven target vessel revascularization
Lesion success:	Through study completion, approximately 5 years	Achievement of a final in-lesion residual diameter stenosis of \<50% (as determined by the angiographic core laboratory), using allowed pretreatment devices after guidewire passage through the lesion
Change in ankle-brachial index (ABI) from pre-procedure to 12 months	12 months	Change in ankle-brachial index (ABI) from pre-procedure
Change in Rutherford-Becker Classification (RCC) from pre-procedure to 12 months	12 months	Change in Rutherford-Becker Classification (RCC) from pre-procedure
Change in EQ-5D from pre-procedure to 6 months	6 months	Change in EQ-5D-5L (EuroQual-5 Dimension scale set and Visual Analog Scale score) from pre-procedure. Dimension score reporting will be determined at time of reporting and VAS score will be reported based on subject indicated scale from 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate positive outcome improvement.
In RCC 5 subjects, percentage of wounds healed from baseline to 30 days post-procedure as reported by the Investigator at the Investigative site	30 days	In RCC 5 subjects, percentage of wounds healed from baseline
Rate of major target limb amputation at 12 months post-procedure	12 months	Rate of major target limb amputation
Rate of clinically driven target vessel revascularization through 24 months	24 months	Rate of clinically driven target vessel revascularization
Change in Rutherford-Becker Classification (RCC) from pre-procedure to 30 days	30 days	Change in Rutherford-Becker Classification (RCC) from pre-procedure
Change in Rutherford-Becker Classification (RCC) from pre-procedure to 24 months	24 months	Change in Rutherford-Becker Classification (RCC) from pre-procedure
Change in EQ-5D from pre-procedure to 12 months	12 months	Change in EQ-5D-5L (EuroQual-5 Dimension scale set and Visual Analog Scale score) from pre-procedure. Dimension score reporting will be determined at time of reporting and VAS score will be reported based on subject indicated scale from 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate positive outcome improvement.
Technical success:	Through study completion, approximately 5 years	Achievement of a final in-lesion residual diameter stenosis of \<50% (as determined by the angiographic core laboratory), using the Stellarex 0.014" Drug-Coated Balloon without a device malfunction after a guidewire passage through the l
Change in waveforms/TcPO2 from pre-procedure to 6 months	6 months	Change in waveforms/TcPO2 from pre-procedure
Change in waveforms/TcPO2 from pre-procedure to 12 months	12 months	Change in waveforms/TcPO2 from pre-procedure
Change in ankle-brachial index (ABI) from pre-procedure to 30 days	30 days	Change in ankle-brachial index (ABI) from pre-procedure
Change in toe pressures (TP) from pre-procedure to 30 days	30 days	Change in toe pressures (TP) from pre-procedure
Change in toe pressures (TP) from pre-procedure to 24 months	24 months	Change in toe pressures (TP) from pre-procedure
Change in Rutherford-Becker Classification (RCC) from pre-procedure to 6 months	6 months	Change in Rutherford-Becker Classification (RCC) from pre-procedure
Major adverse event (MAE) rate at 6,12, and 24 months post index procedure	24 months	Defined as a composite rate of all-cause death, target limb major amputation and CD-TLR
Rate of procedural complications defined as occurrence of all-cause death, stroke, myocardial infarction, emergent surgical revascularization, significant distal embolization in target limb, or thrombosis of target vessel through the end of the procedure	through study completion, approximately 5 years	Rate of procedural complications
Change in waveforms/TcPO2 from pre-procedure to 24 months	24 months	Change in waveforms/TcPO2 from pre-procedure
Change in waveforms/TcPO2 from pre-procedure to 30 days	30 days	Change in waveforms/TcPO2 from pre-procedure
Change in ankle-brachial index (ABI) from pre-procedure to 24 months	24 months	Change in ankle-brachial index (ABI) from pre-procedure
Change in toe pressures (TP) from pre-procedure to 6 months	6 months	Change in toe pressures (TP) from pre-procedure
Change in toe pressures (TP) from pre-procedure to 12 months	12 months	Change in toe pressures (TP) from pre-procedure
Change in EQ-5D from pre-procedure to 30 days	30 days	Change in EQ-5D-5L (EuroQual-5 Dimension scale set and Visual Analog Scale score) from pre-procedure. Dimension score reporting will be determined at time of reporting and VAS score will be reported based on subject indicated scale from 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate positive outcome improvement.
Change in EQ-5D from pre-procedure to 24 months	24 months	Change in EQ-5D-5L (EuroQual-5 Dimension scale set and Visual Analog Scale score) from pre-procedure. Dimension score reporting will be determined at time of reporting and VAS score will be reported based on subject indicated scale from 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate positive outcome improvement.
In RCC 5 subjects, percentage of wounds healed from baseline to 6 months post-procedure as reported by the Investigator at the Investigative site	6 months	In RCC 5 subjects, percentage of wounds healed from baseline
In RCC 5 subjects, percentage of wounds healed from baseline to 12 months post-procedure as reported by the Investigator at the Investigative site	12 months	In RCC 5 subjects, percentage of wounds healed from baseline

Trial Locations

Locations (10)

Cardiologisches Centrum Bethanien; 🇩🇪 Frankfurt, Germany

Asklepios Kliniken Hamburg GmbH; 🇩🇪 Hamburg, Germany

Klinik Immenstadt, Herz und GefaSzentrum Immenstadt; 🇩🇪 Immenstadt Im Allgäu, Germany

Universitatsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz; 🇩🇪 Mainz, Germany

RoMed Klinikum Rosenheim; 🇩🇪 Rosenheim, Germany

Cambridge University Hospital; 🇬🇧 Cambridge, United Kingdom

Albert Schweitzer Hospital; 🇳🇱 Dordrecht, Netherlands

Guys and St. Thomas Hospital; 🇬🇧 London, United Kingdom

St. Antonius Hospital; 🇳🇱 Nieuwegein, Netherlands

The Royal Free Hospital; 🇬🇧 London, United Kingdom