Effects Of Quadratus Lumborum Release on Respiratory Outcomes on Low Back Pain Patients
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 36
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Digital spirometer.
研究概览
简要总结
The aim of this research is to check the effects of Quadratus Lumborum (QL) release on respiratory function and pain levels in individuals with chronic low back pain. Randomized controlled trials done at Pakistan Railway General Hospital, Rawalpindi and Rawal General & Dental Hospital Islamabad. The sample size was 36. The subjects were divided into two groups, 18 subjects in the experimental group will receive muscle energy technique on quadratus lumborum along with conventional intervention for LBP and 18 in control group will only receive conventional intervention exercises for LBP. Study duration was of 6 months. Sampling technique applied was non probability connivance sampling technique. Only 30-60 years both males and females diagnosed with mechanical low back pain persist at least >3 months. Tools used in the study of Numeric Pain rating scale (Pain assessment). Modified Oswestry Disability Index (m-ODI) (for ADLs in CLBP). Inclinometer (for ranges of lumber spine). Digital spirometer (for FEV1/FVC ratio). Inches Tap (For Chest Expansion) & (For Quadratus lumborum length test). Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS).
详细描述
The aim of this research is to check the effects of Quadratus Lumborum (QL) release on respiratory function and pain levels in individuals with chronic low back pain. Randomized controlled trials done at Pakistan Railway General Hospital, Rawalpindi and Rawal General & Dental Hospital Islamabad. The sample size was 36. The subjects were divided into two groups, 18 subjects in the experimental group will receive muscle energy technique on quadratus lumborum along with conventional intervention for LBP and 18 in control group will only receive conventional intervention exercises for LBP. Study duration was of 6 months. Sampling technique applied was non probability connivance sampling technique. Only 30-60 years both males and females diagnosed with mechanical low back pain persist at least >3 months. Tools used in the study of Numeric Pain rating scale (Pain assessment). Modified Oswestry Disability Index (m-ODI) (for ADLs in CLBP). Inclinometer (for ranges of lumber spine). Digital spirometer (for FEV1/FVC ratio). Inches Tap (For Chest Expansion) & (For Quadratus lumborum length test). Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS).
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
盲法说明
The researchers who evaluated the participants were not informed of how the participants were grouped. Participants were informed that they would receive one of two different interventions without indicating which group should undergo METs on Quadratus lumborum or Conventional treatment for chronic low back pain.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 30 Years 至 60 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Age 30-60 years.
- •Both Genders: Male and Female.
- •Diagnosed with mechanical low back pain persist at least >3 months.
- •Self-evaluation of the breathing questionnaire, SEBQ >
- •The patient exhibits decreased pulmonary functional volumes compared to the normal values, which include FEV, FVC,FEV₁/FVC
- •The Quadratus Lumborum length test in side-lying inches indicates QL shortening.
- •Patient with either unilateral or bilateral Quadratus lumborum tightness but intervention will be given on both sides.
- •Numeric Pain Rating > 3/10.
排除标准
- •Diagnosed chronic respiratory disease (e.g., asthma, COPD, bronchitis).
- •Diagnosed non-mechanical low back pain (e.g., ankylosing spondylitis, tumors).
- •Diagnosed lumbar spine surgery within the last 12 months.
- •Diagnosed significant neurological deficits.
- •Spinal injuries or other comorbidities.
- •Infection, trauma, pregnancy, fracture, or fall.
- •Unable to understand and follow the commands.
- •Unwillingness to comply with the follow-up schedule.
研究组 & 干预措施
Experimental: interventional group A: Muscle Energy Technique (MET)
10 min hot pack application, followed by MET on the Quadratus Lumborum (3 reps with a 7s hold). Flexibility exercises include William flexion with b/L knee-to-chest stretches (10s hold, repeated 10 times) and static stretching of the hamstrings, gastrocnemius, and IT band (5 reps, 5s hold). Strengthening exercises comprise isometric hip flexor activation (5 reps with a 15s hold), side planks (3 reps, 30s hold), and static side bending (5 reps, 10s hold). The intervention will be performed once daily, consisting of 3 sets per session, continued for 4 weeks to enhance flexibility, core stability, and muscular balance, ultimately contributing to pain relief and improved functional mobility in CLBP patients
干预措施: Experimental interventional group A, (MET). (Other)
Control :interventional group B: (conventional intervention exercises)
10-minute hot pack application, followed by William flexion with bilateral knee-to-chest stretches (10s hold, reps 10 times). Flexibility exercises consist of static stretching for the hamstrings, gastrocnemius, and iliotibial band (5 reps with a 5s hold). Strengthening exercises include isometric hip flexor activation (5 reps with a 15s hold), side planks (3 reps with a 30s hold), and static side bending (5 reps with a 10s hold). The protocol will be performed once daily, with 3 sets per session, continued for 4 weeks to improve flexibility, core stability, and pain management in CLBP patients.
干预措施: Control: group B (conventional intervention exercises) (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Digital spirometer.
时间窗: baseline measurement to 2 weeks
Spirometry is a vital pulmonary function test used to assess lung health by measuring Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF)
Numeric Pain rating scale.
时间窗: baseline measurement to 2 weeks
It is the tool to measure pain intensity It ranges from 0 to 10. If the patient feels no pain, then 0 will be marked. 5 shows moderate pain and 10 will be marked if pain is most extreme ever felt by the patient.(10) The patients were asked to mark the point they felt their pain accordingly
Inches Tap (For Chest Expansion)
时间窗: baseline measurement to 2 weeks after every session.
Chest expansion was measured in a standing position with elbows slightly flexed and hands on hips, using a non-stretchable inch tape at the 2nd intercostal space (ICS), 4th ICS, and xiphoid process. Participants performed maximal deep inspiration and expiration, and the difference was recorded.
Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS)
时间窗: baseline measurement to 2 weeks.
Unidimensional, nine-item self-reported questionnaire designed to assess the severity and impact of fatigue on daily functioning and quality of life over the past week. Participants rate each item on a 7-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree), with higher scores indicating greater fatigue severity. The total score is calculated by summing the individual item scores, resulting in a range from 9 to 63, with a score of ≥36 indicating significant fatigue.
次要结局
- Inclinometer for Lumbar Side Bending (Rt)(baseline measurement to 2 weeks after every session)
- Inclinometer for Lumbar Side Bending (Lt)(baseline measurement to 2 weeks after every session)
- Inclinometer for Lumbar Rotation (Rt)(baseline measurement to 2 weeks after every session)
- Inclinometer for Lumbar Rotation (Lt)(baseline measurement to 2 weeks after every session)
- Inclinometer for Lumbar Flexion.(baseline measurement to 2 weeks after every session)
- Inclinometer for Lumbar Extension.(baseline measurement to 2 weeks after every session)