The Effects of a Graphomotor Intervention Program According to a Psychomotor Approach on Quality and Speed of Handwriting in School-Age Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 47
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Change from Baseline, between and within groups comparison, in Motor Performance
研究概览
简要总结
12-30% of children present handwriting difficulties, which has negative repercussions on their school career. For this reason, it is fundamental to bet on their prevention. The aim of present study is to examine the effects of a graphomotor intervention program on quality and speed of handwriting in second-grade children. This experimental study is a randomized controlled trial. The program will run for 8 weeks (2 sessions/week of 30 minutes), followed by 6 months of follow-up without intervention. Participants will be assessed 1) at baseline, 2) at the end of the program, and 3) after the follow-up. Participants will be randomly allocated to two groups: experimental group (graphomotor intervention program) and control group.
详细描述
According to estimates (1), 30% to 60% of the school day is spent performing tasks involving handwriting. It is also in this period that the formal learning of handwriting begins (2). However, not all children are able to develop proficient handwriting (3-4).
According to Alhusaini, Melam and Buragadda (5) 12% to 30% of children present difficulties in handwriting, with negative consequences for school success (6).
Children who fail to develop proficient handwriting are entitled to "poor writers" or "dysgraphics" (7-8).
Dysgraphia refers to a "disturbance or difficulty in the production of written language related to the mechanics of writing" (9). Ajuriaguerra (8) defines it as a writing whose quality is deficient, without any neurological or intellectual deficit explaining it. Generally, handwriting is less legible and organized, contains more erasures and corrections, and exhibits a slower speed (9).
In addition, this is one of the main reasons for referral and consultation in psychomotricity in school-age (10), for this reason it is fundamental to bet on the prevention of them.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 7 Years 至 7 Years（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Children in the second grade (aged 7 years old);
- •Participation agreement;
排除标准
- •Diagnosed or suspected of neurological disabilities (e.g., cerebral palsy, epilepsy), psychiatric and/or behavioural disorders;
- •Presence of uncorrected vision and hearing problems;
- •Referenced by Special Education/National Service of Early Intervention in Childhood;
- •Presence of one or more school retentions;
- •Native language is not Portuguese;
- •Children with direct intervention in graphomotor skills or who had a similar intervention to that proposed less than 1 year ago;
- •Participation in the intervention program of less than 80%;
- •Children undergoing drug therapy (e.g., antihistamines) that interfere with the study variables;
- •Do not wish to participate in the study.
结局指标
主要结局
Change from Baseline, between and within groups comparison, in Motor Performance
时间窗: 0, 4, 10 months
Outcome Measure - Movement Assessment Battery for Children - Second Edition to assess manual dexterity, aiming and catching and balance
Change from Baseline, between and within groups comparison, in handwriting performance
时间窗: 0, 4, 10 months
Outcome Measure - The Concise Assessment Scale for Children's Handwriting (BHK) to assess quality and speed of handwriting
Change from Baseline, between and within groups comparison, in Computerized Handwriting Process Measures
时间窗: 0, 4, 10 months
Outcome Measure - The MovAlyzeR to assess spatial, temporal and kinematic variables of handwriting
次要结局
- Change from Baseline, between and within groups comparison, in Manual Preference(0, 4, 10 months)
- Sociodemographic characteristics(0 months)
研究者
Helena Isabel Falcão Coradinho
Principal investigator
University of Évora