Frequency of Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes

Hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome (MS) is known as Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). MAFLD could be complicated by serious events as steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and malignant liver. The characteristics histological findings in those patients are macrovesicular steatosis. The prevalence of MAFLD has doubled over the last 20 years.

Globally, based on many reported studies, it's well-known that in 25-28% of deaths in patients with Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) , coronary artery disease (CAD) is accused to be the leading cause.

Patients with MAFLD are known to have more complex coronary artery disease in angiography. But the effect on clinical outcome and mortality is not known. Furthermore, the impact of MAFLD on acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is not clear. Moreover, in patients with metabolic syndrome the presence of MAFLD would be associated with severe form of CAD as noticed by angiography where there was increased in number of affected vessels and multivariate regression analysis found that MAFLD as the only independent factor affecting coronary score.

The SYNTAX score was prospectively developed for the SYNTAX trial to grade the anatomical complexity of coronary lesions in patients with lt main coronary arterty (LM) or three-vessel disease . It was found to be an independent predictor of long-term major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and of death.

While the available data clearly support a role of MAFLD in initiating and progression of CAD in non-diabetic patients is still to be searched. MAFLD might play a part in the pathogenesis of CAD through the overexpression and systemic release of several inflammatory, hemostatic and oxidative-stress mediators or via contributing to whole-body insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia.