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Multidrug Resistant Gram-negative Pathogen Infections in High Risk Neonates in the Northeast of Mexico

Completed
Conditions
Infant Newborn Disease
Interventions
Diagnostic Test: Identification of MDR characteristics
Registration Number
NCT04812847
Lead Sponsor
Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterey
Brief Summary

The main objective of this project is to establish a prospective cohort to measure the Gram-negative infection burden in neonates under special care in a regional referral hospital, and to characterize all microorganisms isolates from these subjects at the phenotype and genotype level, specifically in relation to the expression of multi-drug resistance (MDR) associated genes (Molecular characterization of Gram-negative MDR isolates).

Detailed Description

The investigators propose a mixed design approach, a cohort´s study with a nested case-control analysis. Study subjects will be the gram-negative isolates at the study hospital clinical laboratory. The cohort´s exposure factor will be the presence or absence of a multidrug resistance gram-negative bacterial isolate.

The prospective cohort will allow the estimation of Gram-negative infection burden in the study population, and the characterization of all microorganisms isolates from study subjects at the phenotype and genotype level, specifically in relation to the expression of multi-drug resistance (MDR) associated genes (Molecular characterization of Gram-negative MDR isolates); the cohort will be formed by each neonate, from the admission to special care, the isolation date and then follow-up until the resolution, being it discharge either alive, dead or by transfer to another facility. Risk ratios for each of these outcomes will be calculated.

Cases-controls analysis will allow the research team to identify main risk factors present in those individuals who further had or did not have a gram-negative MDR isolate, by calculation of associated odds ratios for concurrent perinatal factors. Another project goal, to establish correlations and measure risk factors (Odds ratios) between Gram-negative infection with MDR organisms and concurrent illness and treatments offered in the special care nursery (medical \[antibiotics, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids, others\], surgical, and clinical procedures) in neonates under special care, will also be attained through the nested cases and controls study approach.

Finally, a derivative from this project will be the establishment of the North-East Mexico Regional Repository of bacterial isolates in Neonates under special care. At the first stage, this repository will preserve specimens of bacteria, both Gram-negative and Gram-positive, along with a specially developed anonymous database of the individuals hosting those infections. In the near future, the focus of this repository may expand to fungus, parasites and perhaps viral isolates preservation.

The research team has also proposed an exploratory objective, subject to budget availability, and that is the characterization and comparison of the immuno-phenotype of those individuals affected of Gram-negative infection with MDR resistant organisms, those with infection with other organisms and those not affected by infectious complications.

All gram-negative isolates will be probed for the gene expression of 38 selected antibiotic resistance loci, and 96 selected samples will be further studied by next generation sequentiation.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
597
Inclusion Criteria
  1. Neonates of either sex, and any gestational age, admitted to the special care nursery of Hospital Regional Materno Infantil (Includes also out-born and transferred babies),
  2. Treating physician´s order to draw any biological sample and send it for culture at the hospital´s clinical laboratory.
  3. A culture with an isolate of Gram-negative bacteria.
Exclusion Criteria
  1. Any culture negative for bacterial growth
  2. Any culture with Gram-positive bacteria, or fungus growth.

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Gram negative infection, MDR presentIdentification of MDR characteristicsNeonates with one or more gram-negative bacterial isolates with MDR characteristics during their clinical course in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the study hospital.
Gram negative infection, MDR absentIdentification of MDR characteristicsNeonates with one or more gram-negative bacterial isolates with no MDR characteristics during their clinical course in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the study hospital.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Burden of Gram Negative organisms infectionsThrough study completion, an average of three months

The isolation of a gram-negative organism, from any clinical site, in neonates under clinical care in special care nursery; Incidence = New cases during the study period, Prevalence = Total cases during the study period.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Odds ratio for the occurrence of Gram-negative MDR infectionsThrough study completion, an average of three months

To identify and measure the Odds-ratio for the occurrence of Gram-negative infection with MDR resistant organisms and all concurrent perinatal factors. This will be done through a nested case and controls study approach.

Risk factors for the occurrence of Gram-negative MDR infections.Through study completion, an average of three months

To establish correlations and measure risk factors (Relative risks) between Gram-negative infection with MDR organisms and concurrent illness and treatments offered in the special care nursery (medical \[antibiotics, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids, others\], surgical, and clinical procedures) in neonates under special care. This will be attained with a cohorts study approach.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Hospital Regional Materno Infantil de Alta Especialidad, Secretaría de Salud

🇲🇽

Ciudad Guadalupe, Nuevo León, Mexico

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