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Effect of Multiple Micronutrient Fortified Bread Consumption on Iron Deficiency Anemia in Women of Reproductive Age

Not Applicable
Conditions
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Interventions
Other: MULTI-FORTIFIED
Other: FORTIFIED
Registration Number
NCT05103709
Lead Sponsor
Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
Brief Summary

The project aims to assess if consuming two slices of multi-fortified bread daily for 120 days is effective in reducing iron deficiency anemia in women of reproductive age through a three-arm randomized trial.

Detailed Description

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) continues to be a public health priority in Peru and the world. The prevalence of the condition is high in women of reproductive age regardless of geographic area and socioeconomic status. Fortification of staple foods is recognized as a cost-effective strategy to reverse iron deficiency. In Peru, iron fortification of wheat flour and derived products is mandatory, but to date its effect on the IDA has not been evaluated. In recent years, evidence has been generated on the positive effect of zinc, vitamin A and vitamin B12 supplementation on hemoglobin (Hb) levels. This project is a three-arm randomized clinical trial that seeks to evaluate the effect of consuming two slices of bread fortified with a multivitamin premix (iron, folic acid, vitamin A, vitamin B12 and zinc) daily on iron deficiency anemia in non-pregnant women of reproductive age. As a control, one group will receive standard bread fortified according to Peruvian legislation and a third group will not receive treatment.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
Female
Target Recruitment
351
Inclusion Criteria
  • Ferritin levels < 13 ng/ml,
  • Hemoglobin levels between 8 g/dL and 11.9 g/dL,
  • No plans to move during the duration of the study,
  • Commitment not to become pregnant during the duration of the study,
  • Signed informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Pregnancy,
  • Amenorrhea not related to pregnancy,
  • Breastfeeding,
  • Chronic diseases (active TB, HIV, cancer, asthma, liver disease, coronary heart disease, chronic renal disease),
  • Hemoglobin levels < 8 g/dL,
  • Bleeding in the 3 months prior to recruitment,
  • Smoking,
  • Inability to sign informed consent,
  • Consumption of nutritional supplements.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
MULTI-FORTIFIEDMULTI-FORTIFIEDThe product to be evaluated is bread made from wheat flour fortified according to Peruvian national standards \[Riboflavin (0.18 mg), niacin (2.25 mg), thiamine (0.18 mg), folic acid (60ug), iron (4.2 mg)\] and a previtamin mix \[Vitamin A (240 ug), Vitamin b12 (0.72 ug), zinc (5.25 mg) per daily serving\]. Participants will receive 2 slices of bread a day for 120 days. It is supplied by Panificadora Bimbo del Peru S.A.
FORTIFIEDFORTIFIEDThe active comparator is bread fortified according to Peruvian national standards \[Riboflavin (0.18 mg), niacin (2.25 mg), thiamine (0.18 mg), folic acid (60ug), iron (4.2 mg)\]. Participants will receive 2 slices of bread a day for 120 days. It is supplied by Panificadora Bimbo del Peru S.A.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Anemia120 days

Percentage of volunteers reaching normal Hb levels during the study.

Hemoglobin levels120 days

Variation in hemoglobin levels (mg/dL)

Serum ferritin levels120 days

Variation in serum ferritin levels (ug/l)

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Hemoglobin levels90 days

Variation in hemoglobin levels (mg/dL)

Body iron content120 days

Variation in body iron content levels

Mean corpuscular volume120 days

Variation in mean corpuscular volume (fL)

Red Blood Cell Distribution Width120 days

Variation in Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (%)

Serum ferritin levels90 days

Variation in serum ferritin levels (ug/l)

Soluble transferrin receptor levels120 days

Variation in soluble transferrin receptor levels (nmol/L)

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Centro de Salud Global

🇵🇪

Tumbes, Peru

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