Copmined Sono-pulmonary Score and APACHE Score as a Predictor of Outcome in Respiratory Intensive Care Unit Patients With Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

Pneumonia is a bacterial, viral or fungal infection of the lungs, which causes the alveoli of the lungs to fill up with microorganisms, fluid and inflammatory cells, preventing the lungs from functioning effectively[1]. Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common and a leading cause of death in intensive care unit patient. Ventilator associated pneumonia is caused by prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation ,and prolonged hospital stay, which increase hospital costs, possibly increase mortality rate, and increase antibiotic use in ICU patients , early identification of VAP is an important clinical goal to improve patient outcomes [2]. In recent year several scoring systems have been developed to evaluate the severity of illness and to predict the outcome, especially the mortality rate of intensive care unit patient, such as the Clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) or modified (CPIS)The Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) was developed to serves a tool to facilitate the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP),The CPIS is calculated on the basis of points assigned for various signs and symptoms of pneumonia (eg, fever and extent of oxygenation mpairment) ,a CPIS has an average between 0-12>6 some studies suggest that CPIS >6 may correlate with VAP Sonar is easy bedside test to diagnose pleural effusion, pneumonia pneumothorax , so recently lung ultrasonography (LUS) incorporated in evaluation and diagnosis of VAP in a new score called sono pulmonary infection score (SPIS) . The (SPIS), where is incorporated LUS finding instead of CXR finding of CPIS is assigned two points for ≥ one area of dynamic air bronchogram. One point was given for ≥ two sub-pleural consolidation or lobar consolidation areas or ≥ one sub-pleural, and ≥one lobar consolidationRecently (combination of SPIS with APACHE score in assessment of VAP is under research ).