TReatment for ImmUne Mediated PathopHysiology
- Conditions
- Fulminant Hepatic FailureImmune DysregulationHepatic EncephalopathyAcute Liver InjuryAcute Liver Failure
- Interventions
- Drug: Equine anti-thymocyte globulinDrug: Placebo for infusions
- Registration Number
- NCT04862221
- Brief Summary
TReatment for ImmUne Mediated PathopHysiology (TRIUMPH) is a multi-center, three arm, randomized, controlled trial of immunosuppressive therapy for children with acute liver failure. The study will determine if suppressing inflammatory responses with either corticosteroids or equine anti-thymocyte globulin therapy improves survival for children with this rare, life-threatening condition.
- Detailed Description
Pediatric Acute Liver Failure (PALF) is a rare, devastating condition that affects an estimated 250 children per year in North America, causing death in approximately 15% and the need for liver transplantation in an additional 20-30%. In the majority of cases, a specific cause of the liver injury is never determined. Recent research supports the theory that many of these patients have liver injury related to a hyperinflammatory immune response to everyday infections or environmental exposures. There is strong evidence to show that equine anti-thymocyte globulin and methylprednisolone slow the body's response to inflammation and improve the recovery of patients with other immune disorders and thus, may help patients with acute liver failure.
This is a phase 2b, double-blind, three arm, randomized, placebo controlled trial with restricted response adaptive randomization. The primary objective is to determine the efficacy and safety of high-dose methylprednisolone or equine anti-thymocyte globulin (eATG or ATGAM®) as compared to supportive care alone (placebo) for the treatment of acute liver failure in pediatric patients.
Approximately 160 patients who are equal to or greater than ≥ 1 and less than ≤ 18 years of age with pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) of undetermined etiology will be randomized to receive either high-dose methylprednisolone (Treatment 1) or eATG (ATGAM®) (Treatment 2) or supportive care alone (Treatment 3) on days 1 to 4 after study enrollment, followed by a gradual prednisolone taper (for the two active treatment arms 1 and 2) or a placebo taper (for treatment arm 3) on days 5 to 42.
The follow-up period includes visits at 1 week (Day 7), 2 weeks (Day 14), and 3 weeks (Day 21) after the day the participant started in the study. Early follow-up assessments will be performed either in the inpatient or ambulatory setting since some participants may be discharged before Day 7. In addition, families will be contacted by phone or email to schedule each follow-up at the study site for the 6 week, 3 month, 6 month and 12 month study visits.
This study will also include a prospective observational cohort study of up to 50 patients with PALF who meet the randomized controlled trial (RCT) eligibility criteria but who decline randomization in the RCT and are willing to provide longitudinal observational data.
The findings of this trial have the potential to shift the treatment paradigm in PALF and advance the basic understanding of immune dysregulation disorders in childhood. The network includes 20 of the largest and most active pediatric liver centers in the US who have organized to support rigorous testing of the efficacy and safety of immunosuppressive therapy for these patients.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- RECRUITING
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 163
- Patient with liver injury of ≤ 6 weeks duration resulting in an international normalized ratio (INR) of ≥ 1.5 and < 2.0 (not corrected by vitamin K) with evidence of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) or INR ≥ 2.0 without evidence of HE.
- Age is greater than or equal to 1 year and less than 18 years of age.
- Patient or their legally authorized representative(s) (LAR) must consent (and assent, if applicable) to be in the study and must have signed and dated an approved informed consent form which conforms to federal and institutional guidelines.
- Females of reproductive potential should not plan on conceiving children during the study and must agree to use a medically accepted form of contraception.
- Evidence of active infection with Hepatitis A, B, C, E or evidence of acute herpes simplex virus (HSV) or adenovirus infection
- Travel within the past 3 months to an area highly endemic for Hepatitis E
- Diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Note: Patients with a history of consanguinity and/or central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction that is exaggerated compared to the degree of liver dysfunction (as judged by the site investigator) will not be enrolled until results of rapid genetic testing are available. Turn-around time for genetic testing results is estimated to be 72-96 hours.
- Aplastic anemia as defined by standardized criteria [1] diagnosed prior to enrollment
- Diagnosis of autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH)
- Diagnosis of acute Wilson disease
- Diagnosis of inborn error of metabolism Note: Suspicion of metabolic disease is not an exclusion for entry into the Trial.
- Diagnosis of acute drug or toxin-induced liver injury
- History of recreational drug use within the past 4 weeks
- Therapy with an immunosuppressive agent, including chemotherapy, biological therapies or an experimental drug or device within the past 6 weeks
- Liver injury due to ischemia
- Liver dysfunction diagnosed more than 6 weeks prior to screening
- History of allergy to horse dander
- Sepsis
- Imminent risk of death as judged by the clinical site investigator, including but not limited to; signs of cerebral herniation at the time of enrollment and presence of intractable arterial hypotension
- Solid organ or stem cell transplant recipient
- Pregnant or breast-feeding at the time of proposed study entry
- Clinical AIDS or HIV positive
- History of any form of malignant neoplasm and/or tumors treated within five years prior to study entry (other than non-melanoma skin cancer or in situ cervical cancer) or where there is current evidence of recurrent or metastatic disease
- Received a live-virus vaccine within 4 weeks of study entry
- Patients with positive respiratory secretion testing for respiratory viral infection including SARS-CoV-2, influenza and respiratory syncytial virus only if they also have declining respiratory function
- Psychiatric or addictive disorders that would preclude obtaining informed consent/assent
- Patient is unwilling or unable to adhere with study requirements and procedures
- Currently receiving other experimental therapies
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description High-dose methylprednisolone High-dose methylprednisolone Intravenous methylprednisolone at an initial dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 3 days, 5 mg/kg/day on day 4. High-dose methylprednisolone Prednisolone Intravenous methylprednisolone at an initial dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 3 days, 5 mg/kg/day on day 4. Equine anti-thymocyte globulin Equine anti-thymocyte globulin Intravenous equine anti-thymocyte globulin at a dose of 40 mg/kg/day for 4 days. Equine anti-thymocyte globulin Prednisolone Intravenous equine anti-thymocyte globulin at a dose of 40 mg/kg/day for 4 days. Equine anti-thymocyte globulin Diphenhydramine Intravenous equine anti-thymocyte globulin at a dose of 40 mg/kg/day for 4 days. Equine anti-thymocyte globulin Methylprednisolone Intravenous equine anti-thymocyte globulin at a dose of 40 mg/kg/day for 4 days. Supportive care Placebo for prednisolone Supportive care will be administered as determined by the clinical team at participating clinical sites in accordance with their local practices and standards. Supportive care Placebo for infusions Supportive care will be administered as determined by the clinical team at participating clinical sites in accordance with their local practices and standards.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Survival with native liver (SNL) 21 days Alive and without a liver transplant 21 days following randomization
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Survival with native liver (SNL) 180 days Alive and without a liver transplant 6 months (180 days) following randomization
Trial Locations
- Locations (22)
Children's Hospital Los Angeles
🇺🇸Los Angeles, California, United States
Lucile Packard Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Palo Alto, California, United States
University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital
🇺🇸San Francisco, California, United States
Children's Hospital Colorado
🇺🇸Aurora, Colorado, United States
Yale New Haven Children's Hospital
🇺🇸New Haven, Connecticut, United States
Emory Children's Healthcare of Atlanta
🇺🇸Atlanta, Georgia, United States
Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago
🇺🇸Chicago, Illinois, United States
Riley Hospital for Children
🇺🇸Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
Children's Hospital Boston
🇺🇸Boston, Massachusetts, United States
The Children's Mercy Hospital
🇺🇸Kansas City, Missouri, United States
St. Louis Children's Hospital
🇺🇸St. Louis, Missouri, United States
The Mount Sinai Medical Center
🇺🇸New York, New York, United States
NYP Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital
🇺🇸New York, New York, United States
Duke University Medical Center - Duke Children's
🇺🇸Durham, North Carolina, United States
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
🇺🇸Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
Cleveland Clinic Children's
🇺🇸Cleveland, Ohio, United States
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
🇺🇸Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh
🇺🇸Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
UT Southwestern Medical Center Children's Health
🇺🇸Dallas, Texas, United States
Texas Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Houston, Texas, United States
Primary Children's Medical Center
🇺🇸Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
Seattle Children's Hospital
🇺🇸Seattle, Washington, United States