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The Reliability, Validity, and Responsiveness of the Timed 360° Turn Test in Patients With Parkinson's Disease

Completed
Conditions
Parkinson Disease
Interventions
Other: the timed 360° turn test
Other: Berg Balance Scale
Other: Four Square Step Test
Other: Functional Reach Test
Other: Trunk Impairment Scale
Other: Timed Up and Go Test
Other: Hoehn and Yahr Scale
Other: Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale
Registration Number
NCT03587168
Lead Sponsor
Gazi University
Brief Summary

Difficulty in turning is common after Parkinson's Disease. Patients with Parkinson's Disease take a greater number of steps, longer duration, narrower base of support in turning. Thus, turning ability is systematically investigated in Parkinson's Disease. The aim of this study to invastigate reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the timed 360° turn test in Patients with Parkinson's Disease.

Detailed Description

At baseline, the timed 360° turn test, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Hoehn and Yahr Scale, Berg Balance Scale, Functional Reach Test, Timed Up and Go Test, Four Square Step Test and Trunk Impairment Scale was applied to the patients with Parkinson's Disease when the patients were "on" period. The timed 360° turn test was repeated after seven days from the first application when patients with Parkinson's Disease were "on" period to evaluate its reliability.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
86
Inclusion Criteria
  • at least 40 years of age,
  • neurologist-diagnosed Parkinson's Disease
  • Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) stages 1 to 4,
  • were able to walk 10 m with or without aids
Exclusion Criteria
  • visual, auditory, and orientational problems affecting study results
  • orthopedic problems affecting walking,
  • other neurologic conditions, cardiovascular, musculuskeletal, and vestibular disease

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Patients with Parkinson's Diseasethe timed 360° turn testPatients with Parkinson's Disease Parkinson's Disease (Hoehn and Yahr stage 1-4)
Patients with Parkinson's DiseaseTrunk Impairment ScalePatients with Parkinson's Disease Parkinson's Disease (Hoehn and Yahr stage 1-4)
Patients with Parkinson's DiseaseHoehn and Yahr ScalePatients with Parkinson's Disease Parkinson's Disease (Hoehn and Yahr stage 1-4)
Patients with Parkinson's DiseaseBerg Balance ScalePatients with Parkinson's Disease Parkinson's Disease (Hoehn and Yahr stage 1-4)
Patients with Parkinson's DiseaseFour Square Step TestPatients with Parkinson's Disease Parkinson's Disease (Hoehn and Yahr stage 1-4)
Patients with Parkinson's DiseaseFunctional Reach TestPatients with Parkinson's Disease Parkinson's Disease (Hoehn and Yahr stage 1-4)
Healthy Controlsthe timed 360° turn testHealthy People
Patients with Parkinson's DiseaseTimed Up and Go TestPatients with Parkinson's Disease Parkinson's Disease (Hoehn and Yahr stage 1-4)
Patients with Parkinson's DiseaseUnified Parkinson's Disease Rating ScalePatients with Parkinson's Disease Parkinson's Disease (Hoehn and Yahr stage 1-4)
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
The timed 360° turn test10 seconds

Turning ability is assessed by using the timed 360° turn test. In the timed 360° turn test, a piece of colored tape is placed on the floor to mark the starting position. Each subject was required to stand with arms by his/her side and feet comfortably apart and pointing to the tape. Timing was started from the word "go" and stopped when subject's shoulders were facing forward again. The time taken to complete the turn was recorded (in seconds) by a stopwatch.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Trunk Impairment Scale20 minutes

Trunk performance is assessed by using the trunk impairment scale. The Trunk Impairment Scale consists of three subscales: static sitting balance, dynamic sitting balance and co-ordination. A higher score indicating a better performance.

Timed Up and Go Test10 seconds

Functional mobility is assessed by using the timed up and go test. The timed up and go test measures the time that a patient needs to stand up from a chair, walk a 3-m distance, come back and sit back on the chair.

Berg Balance Scale15 minutes

Functional balance is assessed by using the Berg Balance Scale. During the test, participants are asked to perform 14 tasks frequently used in daily life activities. Each item is scored between 0 (unable to perform the task) and 4 (task is performed independently) according to the ability of the person while performing the task. The highest possible score is 56 points. A higher score indicates better balance.

Functional Reach Test15 seconds

The Functional Reach Test assesses balance by measuring the limits while the patient reaches forwards as far as possible, having the arms in 90° flexion and without lifting the heels off the floor.

Hoehn and Yahr Scale1 minutes

Disease stage is assessed by the Hoehn and Yahr Scale. The Hoehn and Yahr scale is a commonly used diagnostic tool for quantifying the progression of Parkinson's Disease symptoms. Stages range from 0 (no signs of disease) to 5 (requiring a wheelchair, or bedridden unless assisted).

Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale15 minutes

The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale is increasingly used as a gold standard reference scale and includes four components (Part I, Mentation, Behavior and Mood; Part II, Activities of Daily Living; Part III, Motor;Part IV, Complications). A lower score indicates lower disease severity.

Four Square Step Test15 seconds

The Four Square Step Test measures dynamic balance and clinically assesses the person's ability to step over objects forward, sideways, and backward. A square was formed by 4 canes resting flat on the floor. The participants were instructed to try and complete the sequence as fast as possible without touching the canes with both feet, making contact with the floor in each square.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Fatih Söke

🇹🇷

Ankara, Turkey

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