Are Mindfulness Programs in the Workplace Effective at Reducing Stress
- Conditions
- Occupational StressMindfulness
- Interventions
- Behavioral: LifeXT Program
- Registration Number
- NCT04425356
- Lead Sponsor
- American Heart Association
- Brief Summary
The objective of this study is to determine whether a mindfulness coaching program was efficacious at reducing work stress, improving psychological and physical health outcomes, and improving work outcomes. The target population is employed adults (18 years and older) working in the industries of media, consulting, and healthcare.
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- UNKNOWN
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 250
- Employees who are eligible to take the company's health risk assessment and/or biometric screening
- Employees who are eligible for medical health benefits
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Intervention Group LifeXT Program This group will receive the LifeXT program
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Stress Assessed at follow-up (3 months post intervention) Stress is assessed using 4 items from the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The PSS has demonstrated internal consistency and validity (Cohen, 1983). The PSS asks respondents to indicate how often they felt or thought a certain way during a specified time period (i.e., over the last 2 weeks). Examples of items include, "how often have you felt that you were unable to control the important things in your life," and "how often have you felt that things were going your way." The sale range was changed from 1-5 to 1-7 when adapted and added into the LIFE XT personal health assessment. Higher scores reflect higher levels of perceived stress.
Mindfulness Assessed at follow-up (3 months post intervention) Mindfulness is assessed using the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) consisting of 15 items. Higher scores reflect higher levels of dispositional mindfulness. The scale has been validated in college, working adult, and cancer patient populations (Brown and Ryan, 2003). The scale range was changed from 1-6 to 1-7 when adapted and added into the LIFE XT personal health assessment.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Productivity (or work impairment) Assessed at follow-up (3 months post intervention) Work impairment is assessed using the Lam Employment Absence and Productivity Scale (LEAPS) which consists of 7 items that describe how patients are functioning at work. Higher scores indicate higher levels of work impairment. A low score reflects minimal to no work impairment. This tool has been used to help physicians make management decisions such as whether or not a patient should stay at work, whether work functioning improves along with symptoms, and whether changes in treatment are needed to optimize work functioning. It has been validated in patients with major depressive disorder (Lam et al.). The scale range was changed from 0-4
Presenteeism Assessed at follow-up (3 months post intervention) Presenteeism is measured using 5 items from the Workplace Outcome Suite (WOS) instrument developed by Chestnut Global Partners, a provider of employee assistance programs. The items reflect what an employee may do or feel at work.
Teamwork (collective efficacy) Assessed at follow-up (3 months post intervention) Collective efficacy, or people's shared beliefs in their collective capacity to achieve desired outcomes, is assessed using 5 items adapted from the family efficacy scale for soldiers (Bandura, 2006). These items were adapted in the LIFE XT personal health assessment for employees to reflect their confidence in their work teams.
Empathy Assessed at follow-up (3 months post intervention) Empathy is assessed using the Empathic Concern subscale of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index developed by Davis (1980). The subscale includes 4 items. Examples of items include, "I often have tender, concerned feelings for people less fortunate than I am" and "Other people's misfortunes do not usually disturb me a great deal." The scale range was changed from 1-5 to 1-7 when adapted and added into the LIFE XT personal health assessment.
Emotional Health Assessed at follow-up (3 months post intervention) Emotional health is assessed using 1 question, "How would you rate your emotional health overall during the past month?" The question was developed by the LIFE XT personal health assessment author.
Relationships (Satisfaction with): questionnaire Assessed at follow-up (3 months post intervention) Satisfaction in relationships with children, parents, friends, and relatives is assessed with 4 items, one for each relationship domain. For each of the four relationship domains, the question asks, "On average, how satisfied are you in your relationship with your \[parents/friends/relatives\]". The scale range was changed from 1-5 to 1-7 when adapted and added into the LIFE XT personal health assessment.
Sleep Quality: PSQI Assessed at follow-up (3 months post intervention) Sleep is assessed using 1 item from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The item, "During the past work week, how would you rate your sleep quality overall?" assesses sleep quality. The scale range was change from very good, fairly good, fairly bad, and very bad to 1-7, where 1 is labeled poor, and 7 is labeled excellent.
Physical Health Assessed at follow-up (3 months post intervention) Physical Health is assessed using 2 questions. The first item is based on a question developed by researchers Lorig et al., "In general, would you say your health is:... (Circle one) (Excellent = 1, Very Good = 2, Good = 3, Fair = 4, Poor = 5.)" The second question, "How would you rate your physical health overall during the past month?" was developed by the LIFE XT personal health assessment author.
Employee Retention Assessed at follow-up (3 months post intervention) Employee Retention is measured using 1 item from the Workplace Outcome Suite (WOS) instrument developed by Chestnut Global Partners, a provider of employee assistance programs. The question is, "How likely are you, currently, to consider leaving your job due to work related stress?"
Job Satisfaction: WOS Assessed at follow-up (3 months post intervention) Job satisfaction is measured using 5 items from the Workplace Outcome Suite (WOS) instrument developed by Chestnut Global Partners, a provider of employee assistance programs. The items describe how an individual feels about their work. The items use a scale from strongly disagree to strongly agree.
Energy Assessed at follow-up (3 months post intervention) Energy (or vitality) is assessed using the Short-Form-36 (SP-36) which consists of 36 items to assess vitality. Higher scores reflect higher levels of vitality. The SP-36 inspired the question, "During the past month, how often did you experience the following?" in the LIFE XT assessment. The questionnaire asks this question about four items: felt full of pep, felt tired, had a lot energy and felt worn out. Each of these questions is on a scale from 1-7, for a total of 28 points and a higher score reflecting higher energy levels.
Happiness (Life Satisfaction): questionnaire Assessed at follow-up (3 months post intervention) Happiness is assessed using 5 items from the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) developed by Diener et al. The scale range was changed from 1-5 to 1-7 when adapted and added into the LIFE XT personal health assessment.
Trial Locations
- Locations (3)
Navicent Health
🇺🇸Macon, Georgia, United States
Spark Foundry
🇺🇸Chicago, Illinois, United States
The Leo Burnett Media Agency
🇺🇸Chicago, Illinois, United States