Prophylatic Effect Preoperative Antibiotics With Mechanical Bowel Preparation in SSIs: A Propensity Analysis

Completed

• Conditions: Surgical Site Infection; Colorectal Cancer
• Interventions: Drug: Oral antibiotics ( Streptomycin ,metronidazole )

• Registration Number: NCT04258098
• Lead Sponsor: Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University

Brief Summary

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a major postoperative complication after colorectal surgery. Current study aims to evaluate prophylactic function of oral antibiotic intake (OA) in combination with mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) relative to MBP alone with respect to postoperative SSIs incidence. A retrospective analysis of eligible patients was to conducted using the databases of the Gastrointestinal Surgery Centre, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from 2011 to 2017. Data pertaining to postoperative hospital stay length, expenses, SSIs incidence, anastomotic fistula incidence, and rates of other complications wloud be extracted and compared. A propensity analysis was conducted to minimize bias associated with demographic characteristics.

Detailed Description

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a major postoperative complication after abdominal surgery, especially in the colorectal field. With a reported incidence of over 20%, SSIs significantly increase the length of stay (LOS), readmission rate, expenses, and mortality . Therefore, the identification of an effective method of reducing SSIs incidence is critically important.

Colonic bacterial florae are considered to be the major cause of SSIs after elective colorectal procedures, but the most effective means of decreasing this bacterial load remains under debate. Pre-operative mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) was first utilized by surgeons, as it can theoretically remove stool content and associated bacterial load within the bowel and surgical field, thus reducing risk of SSIs. More recently, as antibiotics have come to be widely utilized, the pre-operative administration of un-absorbed oral antibiotics (OA) in combination with MBP was widely conducted.

Multiple trials have been performed to explore the best bowel preparation strategies, but their results remain controversial. Since 2005, several RCTs and meta-analyses have demonstrated MBP alone was not associated with a reduced incidence of SSIs related to patients that did not undergo MBP, whereas MBP patients exhibited paradoxical increases in postoperative ileus, anastomotic leakage, and other complications. Recently, the merit of OA and MBP has been re-discovered in several related retrospective studies which demonstrated a significant decrease in the rate of SSIs.However, as information in these trials was exacted from national databases without any detailed matching between patient groups, the existence of bias in these trials may affect the validity of their results. Furthermore, none of these studies assessed the relative prophylactic effects of the novel MBP mode in right or left-side colorectal surgery.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2011-01-01
• Primary Completion: 2017-12-31
• Study Completion: 2019-05-12
• Status Verified: 2020-02
• Study First Submitted: 2020-02-03
• Study First Submitted QC: 2020-02-04
• Last Update Submitted: 2020-02-04
• Study First Posted: 2020-02-06
• Last Update Posted: 2020-02-06

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 806

Inclusion Criteria

1. Patient underwent elective colorectal resection to treat a malignancy;
2. Patient baseline characteristics and operative information were available;
3. MBP (mechanical bowel preparation) was performed before surgery, with or without OA (oral antibiotics).

Exclusion Criteria

1. Emergency surgery;
2. MBP was not conducted due to ileus or patient refusal;
3. Enough data was not available;
4. Colorectal resection was performed due to benign disease;
5. The procedure was accompanied by other procedures that had the potential to contaminate the incision, such as cholecystectomy or appendectomy;
6. Patients underwent neoadjuvant radiotherapy before surgery.

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
OA+MBP group	Oral antibiotics ( Streptomycin ,metronidazole )	Either polyethylene glycol or magnesium sulphate was adopted as laxative one day before surgery. Clyster was conducted on surgery morning. Streptomycin 1g plus metronidazole 0.2g was prescribed 3 times a day for 3 days before surgery in the OA+MBP group patients.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
SSIs incidence	up to 30 days postoperatively	Surgical site infection incidence

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
length of hospital stays	up to 3 months posteroperatively	length of hospital stays after colorectal surgeries