Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of the Effect of Osseodensefication Technique Versus Conventional Implant Drilling Technique on Supporting Structure in Implant Supported Mandibular Overdenture

Atrophic maxilla or mandible can lead to lack of prosthesis retention because of an inadequate bearing area causing both functional and physiological problems for patient, these problems can be treated for patient satisfaction with an implant supported fixed or removable complete or partial denture (1).

The use of implants to retain a mandibular over denture has been recommended as the first treatment choice for the edentulous mandible. From the available evidence; it shows that this treatment leads to a great improvement in both clinical function and patient's reported outcomes when compared to conventional complete dentures (2).

Clinical studies have reported that dental implants in the mandible have higher survival rates compared to those in the maxilla, having thinner cortical bone combined with thicker trabecular bone compared to the mandible (3). In contrast to the previous studies, additional studies in the posterior mandible showed high failure rates due to the poor bone quality as well as other additional factors (3-4).

The osseointegration process leads to new bone apposition on the implant surface and allows reaching the implant secondary stability that is the functional contact between living bone and titanium dental implant (4).

Primary implant stability is affected by both the quality and the quantity of bone of the osteotomy site. Hence, a precise evaluation of bone structure is essential before implant placement implant (5). The term bone quality depends on bone density, bone vascularity, bone metabolism and other factors that may affect implant outcome. Many authors describe bone density as being equivalent to bone quality. This includes physiological and structural parts and the degree of bone tissue mineralization (4-5).