Real-world Momentary Assessment of Kratom Use Accompanied by Product Assays: A Natural-history Study for Interdisciplinary Characterization of Kratom Use and Pharmacology
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 396
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- motivations for use of kratom
研究概览
简要总结
Background:
Mitragyna speciosa, also called kratom, is a plant used in Southeast Asia for its psychoactive effects. Its use has increased in the US, and an estimated 10 million adults may take it at least semiregularly. Most scientific research on human use of kratom has consisted of surveys in which people looked back on their experiences with it. Results from those surveys have been useful, but, like many behaviors, kratom use can be more fully understood if it is also studied as it happens. The technical term for this procedure is ecological momentary assessment (EMA). In EMA, people report their moods and activities in real time, a few times per day, usually with a smartphone app.
Objective:
This natural history study will collect data about how people use kratom and how it affects them.
Eligibility:
People aged 18 and older who use kratom 3 or more times per week
Design:
Most participants will be remote only.
They will fill out an online consent form. They will also answer an initial set of questions about their kratom use.
They will download an app on their smartphones for EMA (described above). They will use this app to answer short sets of questions for 15 days in a row about their ongoing behaviors and moods, including kratom use.
They will use a prepaid envelope to mail in a sample of their kratom product.
Some participants, after doing the EMA part of the study, can also come to a clinic. They will have 1 visit for informed consent (1-3 hours) and 1 visit for a monitoring session (8 hours) where we can directly assess the effects of their usual dose of kratom. They will bring their kratom produce with them to take on site.
Before they take the kratom, they will have a physical exam. They will have blood and urine tests. They will answer questions about their sleep, driving, and general feelings. They will complete tasks on a computer to measure their reflexes and response times. Their driving performance will be assessed in a simulator.
Researchers will watch participants consume their kratom. A sample of their product will be taken for analysis.
After taking their kratom, those participants will repeat some questionnaires and tests, including the driving simulation. They will also be interviewed about their use of kratom....
详细描述
Study Description:
Our natural-history study will build on preliminary research on the use and effects of kratom. We propose to examine momentary reasons for and self-reported effects of kratom-product use in daily life, associations of these findings with product alkaloid content and, in a direct-observation setting, externally observable effects of kratom-product use.
In the Main EMA Study, to be conducted nationwide via online/mobile data collection, we will examine instances of kratom use in naturalistic settings using EMA, and we will characterize the alkaloid content of the products used. The target sample size is 240 completers.
In the In-person Substudy, 10 participants who reside near the NIDA IRP will conduct the same activities as in the Main EMA Study (online questionnaires, then EMA for 15 days), plus a one-day outpatient session. On the session day, we will collect physiological and task-derived measures (these will include a driving-simulation task) after the participants have taken their regular kratom product dose. This will be followed by semi-structured narrative qualitative interviews.
Objectives for the Main EMA Study:
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Cohort
- 时间视角
- Prospective
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- 未提供
排除标准
- 未提供
结局指标
主要结局
motivations for use of kratom
时间窗: End of study
To collect momentary assessments of individual instances of kratom use and effects associated with use (e.g., sleep duration, mood, motivations for use, acute effects, etc.) in daily life over 15 consecutive days among regular kratom users, for better understanding of kratom use in real-world contexts and in real time.
Associations between self-reported states and particular kratom product types reported as being used.
时间窗: End of study
To collect momentary assessments of individual instances of kratom use and effects associated with use (e.g., sleep duration, mood, motivations for use, acute effects, etc.) in daily life over 15 consecutive days among regular kratom users, for better understanding of kratom use in real-world contexts and in real time.
Differences in concentrations by kratom product type
时间窗: End of study
To evaluate the relationships among subjective self-reported kratom effects (measured over 3 hours post-dosing), the kratom product used, and kratom alkaloid concentrations in biospecimens.
Somatic and psychoactive effects reported from use of kratom
时间窗: End of study
To collect momentary assessments of individual instances of kratom use and effects associated with use (e.g., sleep duration, mood, motivations for use, acute effects, etc.) in daily life over 15 consecutive days among regular kratom users, for better understanding of kratom use in real-world contexts and in real time.
Associations between self-reported states and kratom dose
时间窗: End of study
To collect momentary assessments of individual instances of kratom use and effects associated with use (e.g., sleep duration, mood, motivations for use, acute effects, etc.) in daily life over 15 consecutive days among regular kratom users, for better understanding of kratom use in real-world contexts and in real time.
Detect Concentrations of detectable kratom alkaloids and their metabolites in human plasma and urine.
时间窗: End of study
To evaluate the relationships among subjective self-reported kratom effects (measured over 3 hours post-dosing), the kratom product used, and kratom alkaloid concentrations in biospecimens.
Complete addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI).
时间窗: End of study
To evaluate the relationships among subjective self-reported kratom effects (measured over 3 hours post-dosing), the kratom product used, and kratom alkaloid concentrations in biospecimens.
次要结局
- Correlation of cross-sectional self-reported kratom use motivations and momentary (proximate) kratom use motivations.(End of study)
- Quantification of up to 14 kratom alkaloids(End of study)
- Use-pattern clusters(End of study)
- Narrative case report series documenting participants kratom use, from initiation to present day(End of study)
- Evaluate Psychomotor performance, Resting vitals, Pupil size, Drug Effects Questionnaire, Subjective Opioid Withdrawal Scale (SOWS), Driving-simulation performance.(End of study)
- Differences in alkaloid content by kratom vendor type(End of study)
- Differences in alkaloid content by kratom product type(End of study)
- Between-person correlations (self-reported momentary effects and alkaloid levels).(End of study)