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Tobacco Treatment Using EMDR (ToTEM)

Not Applicable
Terminated
Conditions
Tobacco Use Disorder
Interventions
Behavioral: TAU + Addiction focussed - eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (AF-EMDR)
Registration Number
NCT05594810
Lead Sponsor
IrisZorg
Brief Summary

Rationale: It is well established that tobacco use has severe health consequences. The prevalence of Tobacco Use Disorder (TUD) is among the highest in populations with Substance Use Disorders (SUD). Despite behavioral and pharmacological treatment options, relapse rates remain high. Therefore, there is a need for additional smoking cessation treatment options that aid long-term abstinence.

A potential interesting intervention is addiction-focused Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (AF-EMDR) therapy. However, the limited research on AF-EMDR therapy and mixed findings thus far prohibit clinical use. Recently, on the basis of diverse findings thus far, an adjusted AF-EMDR protocol has been developed.

Detailed Description

SUMMARY

Rationale: It is well established that tobacco use has severe health consequences. The prevalence of Tobacco Use Disorder (TUD) is among the highest in populations with Substance Use Disorders (SUD). Despite behavioral and pharmacological treatment options, relapse rates remain high. Therefore, there is a need for additional smoking cessation treatment options that aid long-term abstinence.

A potential interesting intervention is addiction-focused Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (AF-EMDR) therapy. However, the limited research on AF-EMDR therapy and mixed findings thus far prohibit clinical use. Recently, on the basis of diverse findings thus far, an adjusted AF-EMDR protocol has been developed.

Objective: to investigate areas of uncertainty about a possible future definitive RCT using AF-EMDR as an add-on intervention to a Smoking Cessation Program (SCP), by determining:

* Feasibility/process outcomes (e.g. recruitment, adherence, treatment fidelity).

* Preliminary clinical efficacy in order to estimate the effect size for a future power analysis.

Study design: a pilot study with a two-armed randomized controlled design is used in which AF-EMDR + Treatment As Usual (TAU) (Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA) aimed at SUD + a SCP) is contrasted with TAU-only with an intervention phase of three weeks pre- and post intervention assessments and a follow-up after one and three months.

Study population: daily smoking adults, admitted to an inpatient addiction care clinic. A total of 50 eligible participants will be allocated at random to one of two treatment groups.

- In order to be eligible, patients must meet the following criteria: 1) age ≥ 18 years, 2) good Dutch language proficiency, 3) a DSM-5 diagnosis of Tobacco Use Disorder, 4) smoking, on average, ≥ 10 cigarettes per day pre-admission, 5) A score of at least 5 on a scale from 0 to 10, for motivation and self-efficacy, 6) a planned inpatient stay of ≥ 4 weeks, and 7) written informed consent.

Respondents who demonstrate serious therapy interfering behavior or symptoms that also interfere with TAU will be excluded from participation in this study (e. g. psychiatric or medical crisis that requires immediate intervention).

Intervention: a total of six 45-90 min. sessions of AF-EMDR twice per week added to a SCP embedded in TAU.

Main study parameters/endpoints:

* Feasibility, design, recruitment and protocol issues.

* Changes in tobacco craving and smoking behavior.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
TERMINATED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
3
Inclusion Criteria
  • Diagnosis of Tobacco Use Disorder according to the DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) criteria.
  • Age ≥ 18 years.
  • Good Dutch language proficiency (based on clinical judgement).
  • Smoking, on average, ≥ 10 cigarettes per day pre-admission.
  • A score of at least 5 on a scale from 0 to 10, for motivation and self-efficacy
  • A planned inpatient stay of ≥ 4 weeks.
  • Written informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria

• Serious therapy interfering behavior or symptoms that also interfere with TAU, based on clinical judgement (e. g. psychiatric or medical crisis that requires immediate intervention).

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
TAU + Addiction focussed - eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (AF-EMDR) + TAU (CRA)TAU + Addiction focussed - eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (AF-EMDR)TAU + Addiction focussed - eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (AF-EMDR)
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Retention of participants1 year

The retention of participants from randomization until the last follow-up.

Acceptability in terms of compliance1 year

The acceptability of AF-EMDR to participants in terms of compliance, measured by the total number of sessions attended and the proportion of attended versus non attended (planned) sessions; a higher proportion of attended sessions reflects better compliance.

Acceptability in terms of adherence1 year

The acceptability of AF-EMDR to therapists in terms of adherence to the protocol, measured by the score of an independent rater on a self-developed, a-priori established adherence rating protocol using 47 Likert-type items (range 1-5); a higher score reflects better adherence.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Proportion of participants1 year

The proportion of patients at the clinic that are potentially eligible and provide informed consent.

The feasibility of the outcome measures1 year

The feasibility of the outcome measures in terms of completion of questionnaires (% per questionnaire and total).

Missing data1 year

Amount of missing data, measured by total number of missing values and the proportion of completed versus missing data.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Addiction clinic 'Tiel' IrisZorg

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Tiel, Gelderland, Netherlands

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