A randomized comparative clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of mustadi kwatha and vangeshwara rasa in the management of madhumeha w.s.r. to type 2 Diabetes mellitus.

DiabetesMellitus (DM) is a clinical syndrome characterised by hyperglycaemia due toabsolute or relative deficiency of insulin. Diabetes Mellitus is classifiedinto two broad categories: Type 1 DM and Type 2 DM. Type 1 DM is a result ofabsolute deficiency of insulin while Type 2 DM is a heterogeneous group ofdisorders characterised by variable degrees of insulin resistance, impairedinsulin secretion and increased glucose production.

DiabetesMellitus usually presents with symptoms like polyuria, polydipsia andpolyphagia. Over time, DM can damage the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneysand nerves. According to aetiological factors, pathogenesis and clinicalfeatures, Diabetes mellitus can be correlated with Madhumehain Ayurveda. Madhumeha is the result of untreated Prameha. It is VatajaPrameha where the Vatadepletes all Dhatuexcept AsthiDhatu and Oja by excreting them through urine leadingto *Prabhuto Avila Mutrata.*Although new drugs and therapeutics are emerging for the management ofDiabetes Mellitus (DM), its prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate. DMdoes not come alone it bringswith itself various acute and chronic metabolic complications of hyperglycaemiaaffecting every organ from head to toe. Once an individual is diagnosed with DMthe dosage of medicine is everincreasing and ultimately insulin has to be given for glycemic control in mostof the cases.

Ayurveda has a great potential inthe management of Madhumeha (Type 2 DM) and itsassociated complications.This study finds that Type 2 diabetes mellitus is more prevalent in theelderly population. More specifically, the prevalence of disease is more in 4th, 5th, and 6th decade of life. Thisfinding is consistent with many other studies across different parts of theworld. Similarly, the prevalence of disease is more in patients withsedentary life, lack of exercise and faulty food habits in comparison with thepatients performing regular physical activity and having regular healthy diet.

Thus, the results of this study imply thatfood and exercise play a major role in controlling the blood glucoselevel. Another interesting findings of this study is that only a few ofthe 45 registered patient have a classical symptoms of the disease whereas mostof the patient are symptomless, but those patients were having a high bloodsugar level. This suggests the need of regular medical check-up the elderlypeople because these people might have been affected by the disease even ifthey do not show any related symptoms.

In thepresent study both Mustadi Kwatha and Vangeshwara Rasa reduce many symptomsof  Madhumeha (Diabetes Mellitus) thatinclude Prabhoota Mutrata(Polyuria), Avila Mutrata (Turbidity), Trishnadhikya (Excessive Swaeting), Kara Pada Supti (Numbness of Extremities)andDaurbalya(Weakness) significantly. While in Kara Pada Daha (Burning sensation inhands and Feet) and in Kshudadhikya  (Polyphagia) minimumimprovement was observed.

Thesample size of this study may not be adequate to determine the effectiveness ofthe drugs in some variables like Avila Mutrata, Karapada Daha and Kshudhadhikyawhich are present in fewerpatient. Regarding overall improvementin objective parameters, Vangeshwara Rasa alone and in combination with Mustadi Kwathaprovide highly significant p<0.001 reduction in FBS and PPBS, While Mustadi Kwatha provide significantp<0.05 reduction in FBS and PPBS. The trial drug Mustadi Kwatha is more effective inreducing serum cholesterol and triglyceride in comparison to Vangeshwara Rasa. Similarly, Vangeshwara Rasa have shown significantincrement in HDL as compare to Mustadi Kwatha.

Theseresults suggest the positive effect of the trial drugs in this study. The results werenon-significant in parameters like SGOT, SGPT, Blood Urea, Serum Creatinine,Urine protein. They were within normal range after 45 days of administration ofthese drugs. The findings imply that there were no any adverse effect of thesedrugs. Diabetes is often associated with obesity, dyslipidaemia,hypertension, insulin resistance, known as metabolic syndrome.

From thepresent study we can say that both the drug Mustadi Kwatha and Vangeshwarain combined form are capableto handle Diabetes as well as its associated condition.