Comparing Opioids Vs NSAIDs for Postoperative Pain Management in Unilateral Primary Open Inguinal Hernia Repair
- Conditions
- Inguinal Hernia UnilateralPain Management
- Interventions
- Drug: Pain management after surgery
- Registration Number
- NCT06608056
- Lead Sponsor
- Pakistan Air Force (PAF) Hospital Islamabad
- Brief Summary
To control post-operative pain, multiple drugs are available, and in the western countries opioids are preferred. However, they have their own side effects, and so to reduce their dependence, multiple adjuncts are used. We compared the use of opioids vs just non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on post-operative pain control following inguinal hernia surgery
- Detailed Description
Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common surgeries performed by general surgeons worldwide. The preferred procedure for primary open inguinal hernias is open mesh repair (tension-free)-also called Lichtenstein repair. Opioids remain the mainstay for post-operative analgesia, however, they have a tendency for dependence along with other side effects. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSIADs) have been used as adjuncts to decrease the use of opioids, however, usually NSAIDs are not used in isolation following surgery. We compared post-operative analgesia following primary open inguinal hernia repair, with patients receiving only opioids vs patients only receiving NSAIDs. 60 patients were randomized in to 2 groups. Group A patients received tramadol injection (opioid) every 8 hours, while patients in Group B received injection ketorolac (NSAID) every 8 hourly. Pain was measured using visual analogue score at 2-, 6-, 12- and 24-hours following surgery.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 60
- Undergoing elective primary unilateral open inguinal hernia repair under spinal anesthesia - Lichtenstein repair with prolene mesh
- ASA I or II
- Ages 18 - 65
- Patient on chronic pain meds
- Patient receiving analgesics 24hrs prior to surgery
- Incarcerated or strangulated hernia or recurrent hernia
- BMI >40
- Allergic to medications being tested in this study
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Tramadol Pain management after surgery Patients received injection tramadol 50 mg intravenously every 8 hourly following surgery Ketorolac Pain management after surgery Patients received injection tramadol 30 mg intravenously every 8 hourly following surgery
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Visual analogue scale - pain score 2-, 6-, 12-, 24-hours following surgery Visual analogue score to quantify pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Maximum value is 10 (which means worst pain), and minimum value is 0 (which means no pain).
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Flatus within 24 hours following surgery Time to passing flatus
nausea/vomiting within 24 hours following surgery time when nausea/vomiting was not present in the patient
Time to ambulation within 24 hours following surgery time after surgery when the patient started ambulating
rescue analgesia within 24 hours following surgery number of times rescue analgesia was used
Mean arterial pressure 2-, 6-, 12-, 24-hours following surgery systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured for the patients at intervals, and then mean arterial pressures were calculated
Heart rate 2-, 6-, 12-, 24 hours Heart rate was measured at intervals in beats per minute
oxygen saturation 2-, 6-, 12-, 24 hours oxygen saturation was noted at intervals
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Pakistan Air Force Hospital
🇵🇰Islamabad, Capital territory, Pakistan