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Effect Dietary Fructose on Fructose Kinetics in Type 2 Diabetes

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Type 2 Diabetes
Interventions
Other: high vs low fructose in caucasian dutch or surinamese asian type 2 diabetes subjects
Registration Number
NCT05717608
Lead Sponsor
Academisch Medisch Centrum - Universiteit van Amsterdam (AMC-UvA)
Brief Summary

Determine the kinetics of fructose metabolism and its role as a metabolic substrate following a high (100gr/day) vs low fructose diet (\<30 gram fructose intake per day isocaloric correction with dextrose) in type 2 diabetic subjects of SAS or Caucasian ethnicity.

Detailed Description

The prevalence and accompanying morbidity and mortality of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing on a global scale. Unfortunately the underlying (patho)physiological mechanisms are only partially understood. A key step in the development of negative health effects of metabolic disease might be via dietary fructose metabolism and its accompanying aberrant metabolite production, in which our gut microbiota plays a crucial role.

By bypassing the normal glucose metabolism pathway, fructose plays a role in the development of metabolic disease such as diabetes en fatty liver disease. The mechanism of this effect is unclear and possibly plays in the observation of ethnic specific metabolic risk factors. That is, subjects of different ethnicties (for instance South-Asian Surinamese (SAS)) have a higher risk and worse trajectory of metabolic diseases than Caucasians. Since gut microbiota is altered between these two ethnicities, we hypothesize that aberreant fructose catabolism in patients of SAS descent results in production of specific (gut microbiota derived) metabolites such as ethanol. In this study, fructose metabolism will thus be studied in patients of SAS and Caucasian Dutch descent. To this end the investigators will examine (13C stable isotope based) fructose fluxes before and after randomizing subjects into a four-week high- or low fructose diet. This study aims to elucidate the physiological and microbial catabolism of fructose and possible differences between these two ethnicities.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
40
Inclusion Criteria
  • 40 T2D patients (20 Caucasian and 20 SAS)
  • 40-70 years old
  • Male-female
  • BMI 25-35 kg/m2
  • Stable anti diabetic drugs for 3 months (metformin is obligatory)
  • Stable medication use past 3 months
  • Able to give informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
    • Proton-pump inhibitor usage (known to effect gut microbiota)
  • GLP1, SGLT2i or insulin use (known to effect gut microbiota)
  • Antibiotic for the past 3 months (known to effect gut microbiota)
  • Probiotic or symbiotic usage (known to effect gut microbiota)
  • Pregnant women
  • Chronic illness (including a known history of heart failure, renal failure (eGFR <30 ml/min), pulmonary disease, gastrointestinal disorders, or hematologic diseases), or other inflammatory diseases
  • Active infection
  • Previous intestinal (e.g., bowel resection/reconstruction) surgery
  • Smoking (due to its influence on gut microbiome)
  • Vegetarian diet (since they have different microbiota)
  • >6 alcohol units per day or >14 alcohol units per week
  • Active malignancy
  • HbA1c >9% (75mmol/mol)

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
high fructose in caucasian dutch type 2 diabetes subjectshigh vs low fructose in caucasian dutch or surinamese asian type 2 diabetes subjectshigh (100gr/day) fructose diet for 4 weeks in type 2 diabetic subjects of Caucasian ethnicity.
low fructose in caucasian dutch type 2 diabetes subjectshigh vs low fructose in caucasian dutch or surinamese asian type 2 diabetes subjectslow fructose diet (\<30 gram fructose intake per day isocaloric correction with dextrose) for 4 weeks in type 2 diabetic subjects of Caucasian ethnicity.
high fructose in surinamese asian type 2 diabeteshigh vs low fructose in caucasian dutch or surinamese asian type 2 diabetes subjectshigh (100gr/day) fructose diet for 4 weeks in type 2 diabetic subjects of SAS ethnicity.
low fructose in surinamese asian type 2 diabeteshigh vs low fructose in caucasian dutch or surinamese asian type 2 diabetes subjectslow fructose diet (\<30 gram fructose intake per day isocaloric correction with dextrose) for 4 weeks in type 2 diabetic subjects of SAS ethnicity.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
fructose on glucose metabolism4 weeks

to correlate changes in oral fructose handling (measured by a fructose challenge test (AUC) with 13C6-labeled fructose in relation to metabolic effects on HOMA-IR and continuous glucose monitoring (Freestyle libre MAGE) at baseline and after 4 weeks of dietary intervention.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
changes in (postprandial )plasma metabolites4 weeks

effects of the diet on body composition (measured via bio impedance analysis). We will also collects 24h feces and urine before each study visit to determine correlate with changes in (postprandial) untargeted plasma metabolites including endogenous ethanol

changes in microbiota composition4 weeks

correlate with changes in oral/fecal microbiota composition (diversity and strain)

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Amsterdam UMC location AMC

🇳🇱

Amsterdam, Netherlands

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