Comparison of the Effects of Music and Ambient Noise Cancelling on Post-operative Pain, Anxiety and Functional Outcome During Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative and progressive knee disease that causes progressive loss of articular cartilage. According to the study by Harvey et al., osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis, is the most common cause of joint function limitation among the elderly. Osteoarthritis is common in load-bearing joints and one of these joints is the knee joint. According to a study by Dawson et al, the rate of symptomatic knee and hip osteoarthritis in individuals over 65 years of age was reported to be 40%. In patients with gonarthrosis (knee osteoarthritis), lifestyle changes, drug therapy and rehabilitation are recommended in the early stages (Stages 1-2), while total knee arthroplasty comes to the fore in the later stages (Stages 3-4).

Orthopaedic surgery operating rooms are generally known as noisy working environments. Especially joint surgeries such as total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty have a close relationship with noise due to the cutting motors, hammers and osteophyte excision procedures used during surgery. This noise during surgery may be associated with anxiety and delayed onset of movement in the postoperative period.

It is thought that the sympathetic nervous system, which is activated as a result of anxiety, may cause delayed wound healing and delay in the return of functional activity with the release of stress hormones. The use of music as a medical treatment has gained importance in recent years. According to the study of Wu et al. it was observed that music in the environment during awake craniotomy decreased anxiety, pulse rate and blood pressure.