The Effects of a 12- Week Combined Exercise Training Program on Arterial Stiffness, Endothelial Function, Inflammatory Markers and Metabolic Profile in Obese Adolescent Girls: A Pilot Study.
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- Pusan National University
- Enrollment
- 30
- Primary Endpoint
- Maximal heart rate
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of 12 weeks of combined exercise training (CET) on arterial stiffness, endothelial function, inflammatory markers, insulin resistance, and body composition in obese adolescent girls. Thirty obese adolescent girls participated in this study. The girls were randomly divided into CET group (n=15) and control group (n=15). The CET group performed concurrent resistance training followed by aerobic training at 40-70% of the heart rate reserves (HRR) 3 days/week for 12 weeks. Plasma nitric oxide, endothelin-1, C-reactive protein, arterial stiffness, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glucose, insulin, and the adiponectin/leptin ratio were measured before and after the 12-weeks study.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Health Services Research
- Masking
- None
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 14 Years to 16 Years (Child)
- Sex
- Female
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Obese with hyperinsulinemia
- •Abdominal obesity
- •Sedentary (no regular exercise training or physical activity)
- •No weight loss diet during last 6 months.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Hypertension
- •Pregnancy
- •Chronic disease
Arms & Interventions
No Exercise (CON)
Fifteen obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake was 1921.7 kcal/day.
Combined Exercise Training (CET)
Fifteen obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 3 times per a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake was 1921.7 kcal/day.
Intervention: Combined Exercise Training (Behavioral)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Maximal heart rate
Time Frame: 12 weeks
Maximal heart rate was obtained at the end of a graded treadmill exercise test performed until volitional exhaustion.
Body fat
Time Frame: 12 weeks
Percent body fat (%) was determined using a bioelectrical impedance-meter.
Insulin resistance
Time Frame: 12 weeks
Insulin resistance was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).
Plasma adiponectin
Time Frame: 12 weeks
Plasma adiponectin was measured using ELISA kit
Waist circumference
Time Frame: 12 weeks
Waist circumference was measured at midpoint between the lower rib and the iliac crest at the end of a normal expiration using a tape measure
Nitric oxide
Time Frame: 12 weeks
Nitric oxide generation was measured by Griess assay kit.
Endothelin-1
Time Frame: 12 weeks
Levels of Endothelin-1 in blood were measured by Endothelin-1 enzyme immunoassay kit.
Body weight
Time Frame: 12 weeks
Body weight was measured to nearest 0.1 kg.
Height
Time Frame: 12 weeks
Height was measured to nearest 1 cm.
Arterial stiffness
Time Frame: 12 weeks
Arterial stiffness was measured as measurement of baPWV (m/s).
Plasma leptin
Time Frame: 12 weeks
Plasma leptin was determined by ELISA kit
Secondary Outcomes
No secondary outcomes reported
Investigators
Won-mok son
Principal Investigator
Pusan National University