Antiepileptic Efficacy Study of GWP42003-P in Children and Young Adults With Dravet Syndrome (GWPCARE1)

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Epilepsy
Dravet Syndrome

Interventions: Drug: GWP42003-P 20 mg/kg/day Dose
Drug: Placebo control

Registration Number: NCT02091375

Lead Sponsor: Jazz Pharmaceuticals

Brief Summary: To investigate the potential antiepileptic effects of cannabidiol (GWP42003-P) in children and young adults with Dravet syndrome.

Detailed Description: GWEP1332 Part B recruited an entirely new group of participants than GWEP1332 Part A. Participants who failed the entry criteria for Part A were eligible to take part in Part B.

Part B was a 1:1 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 14-week comparison of GWP42003-P versus placebo. The aim of Part B was to assess the antiepileptic efficacy of GWP42003-P as an adjunctive antiepileptic treatment compared with placebo, with respect to the percentage change from baseline during the treatment period of the study in convulsive seizure frequency in children and young adults.

Following the establishment of initial eligibility and baseline measurements, participants entered Part B and began a 28-day baseline observation period.

Eligible participants were then randomized to receive either GWP42003-P or placebo on a 1:1 basis and titrated up to the target dose that was identified in Part A (up to 20 milligrams \[mg\] per kilogram \[kg\] per day), which was confirmed following completion of Part A by an independent Data Safety Monitoring Committee who reviewed unblinded safety and pharmacokinetic data from Part A.

Participants received investigational medicinal product for 14 weeks, consisting of a titration period followed by a 12-week maintenance period.

Efficacy and safety were monitored at various clinic visits and via telephone. After 14 weeks of treatment, all participants were offered the option of entering an open label extension (OLE) study. Entry was within seven days of the final treatment visit. Participants who did not immediately enter the OLE study commenced a down-titration taper period lasting up to 10 days. The taper period was interrupted if the participant wished to enter the open label extension study within the seven-day timeframe.

For participants who opted not to enter the OLE study, a follow-up telephone call was made 28 days after the end of dosing and weekly safety telephone calls were made during the 28-day follow-up period.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 120

Inclusion Criteria

Participants were male or female aged between 2 and 18 years (inclusive).
Participants had a documented history of Dravet Syndrome that was not completely controlled by current antiepileptic drugs.
Participants took one or more antiepileptic drugs at a dose that had been stable for at least four weeks.
All medications or interventions for epilepsy (including ketogenic diet and vagus nerve stimulation) were stable for four weeks prior to screening and participants were willing to maintain a stable regimen throughout the study.

Key

Exclusion Criteria

Participants had clinically significant unstable medical conditions other than epilepsy.
Participants had clinically relevant symptoms or a clinically significant illness in the four weeks prior to screening or randomization, other than epilepsy.
Participants were currently using or had in the past used recreational or medicinal cannabis or synthetic cannabinoid based medications (including Sativex®) within the three months prior to study entry and were unwilling to abstain for the duration for the study.
Participants had any known or suspected hypersensitivity to cannabinoids or any of the excipients of the investigational medicinal products.
Participants had been part of a previous clinical trial involving another investigational product in the previous six months.
There were plans for the participants to travel outside their country of residence during the study.
Participants previously randomized into this study. In particular, participants who participated in Part A of the study could not enter Part B.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
GWP42003-P 20 mg/kg/day Dose	GWP42003-P 20 mg/kg/day Dose	Participants received 20 mg/kg/day of GWP42003-P administered orally, half in the morning and half in the evening. Participants titrated GWP42003-P to 20 mg/kg/day over 11 days and remained at this dose for the 12-week maintenance period. If the participant did not immediately enter the OLE study, the maintenance period was followed by a 10-day taper (10% per day) period.
Placebo	Placebo control	Participants received placebo (0 mg/mL CBD), volume-matched to the 20 mg/kg/day dose level, administered orally, half in the morning and half in the evening. To maintain the blinded aspect of the study, participants titrated the placebo dose over 11 days and remained at this dose for the 12-week maintenance period. If the participant did not immediately enter the OLE study, the maintenance period was followed by a 10-day taper (10% per day of the matched dose) period.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Percentage Change From Baseline In Convulsive Seizure Frequency During The Treatment Period	Baseline to End of Treatment (EOT) (Day 99) or Early Termination (ET)	Convulsive seizures (atonic, clonic, tonic, or tonic-clonic) were recorded by the participant or caregiver using an interactive voice response system (IVRS) diary. Percentage change from baseline was calculated as: (\[frequency during the treatment period - frequency during baseline\]/frequency during baseline) \* 100. The frequency during each period was based on 28-day averages and calculated as: (number of seizures in the period/number of reported days in the IVRS period) \* 28. Baseline included all available data prior to Day 1 (28-day average). Negative percentages show an improvement from baseline.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number Of Participants With A ≥50% Reduction From Baseline In Convulsive Seizure Frequency During The Treatment Period	Baseline to EOT (Day 99) or ET	Convulsive seizures (atonic, clonic, tonic, or tonic-clonic) were recorded by the participant or caregiver using an IVRS diary. Percentage change from baseline was calculated as per the primary outcome measure.
Change From Baseline In Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) Score	Baseline to Last Visit (Day 99) or ET	The ESS questionnaire was completed by the participant's caregiver. The change from baseline in the ESS score was analyzed using an ANCOVA model with baseline and age group (2 to 5 years, 6- to 2 years and 13 to 18 years) as covariates and treatment group as a fixed factor. The total score was the sum of the 8 item-scores and ranged from 0 to 24. A higher total score represents greater levels of daytime sleepiness.
Caregiver Global Impression Of Change (CGIC)	Baseline to Last Visit (Day 99) or ET	The CGIC was used to assess the participant's overall condition on a 7-point scale using the markers "very much improved, much improved, slightly improved, no change, slightly worse, much worse, or very much worse" (1 = very much improved; 7 = very much worse). On Day 1 (prior to starting IMP), the caregiver was asked to write a brief description of the participant's overall condition as a memory aid for the CGIC questionnaire at subsequent visits.
Number Of Participants Using Rescue Medication	Baseline to EOT (Day 99) or ET	The use of rescue medication was recorded by the participant or caregiver using a paper diary.
Change From Baseline In Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition (Vineland-II) Score	Baseline to Last Visit (Day 99) or ET	The Vineland-II scores (standard scores and adaptive levels for each adaptive behavior domain, the adaptive behavior composite, and the maladaptive behavior index score and level) were assessed by the participant's caregiver. Scores were analyzed using an ANCOVA model with baseline and age group (2 to 5 years, 6 to 12 years, and 13 to 18 years) as covariates and treatment group as a fixed factor. Higher scores represent greater levels of functioning except for the maladaptive behavior index, for which a negative change from baseline represents an improvement in condition.
Number of Participants With A ≥25%, ≥75% Or 100% Reduction From Baseline In Convulsive Seizure Frequency During The Treatment Period	Baseline to EOT (Day 99) or ET	Convulsive seizures (atonic, clonic, tonic, or tonic-clonic) were recorded by the participant or caregiver using an IVRS diary. Percentage change from baseline was calculated as per the primary outcome measure.
Number Of Participants With Inpatient Hospitalizations Due To Epilepsy	Baseline to Safety Follow-up (Day 137)	Inpatient hospitalizations due to epilepsy were recorded by the participant or caregiver and through the serious adverse events (SAE) reporting process.
Caregiver Global Impression Of Change In Seizure Duration (CGICSD)	Baseline to EOT (Day 99) or ET	Seizure duration was assessed qualitatively using the CGICSD. Caregivers were asked "Since the patient started treatment, please assess the average duration of the patient's seizures (comparing their condition now to their condition before treatment)"; responses included decrease, no change, or increase in average duration. For each seizure type, only participants with at least 1 seizure for the corresponding seizure type, reported at any time during the study, were included.
Percentage Change From Baseline In Non-Convulsive Seizure Frequency During The Treatment Period	Baseline to EOT (Day 99) or ET	Non-convulsive seizures (myoclonic, partial, or absence) were recorded by the participant or caregiver using an IVRS diary. Percentage change from baseline was calculated as per the primary outcome measure. Only participants with non-convulsive seizures during the baseline period were included. Negative percentages show an improvement from baseline.
Change From Baseline In Sleep Disruption 0 To 10 Numerical Rating Scale (0 to 10 NRS) Score	Baseline to Last Visit (Day 99) or ET	The sleep disruption 0 to 10 NRS questionnaire was completed by the participant's caregiver. The caregiver was asked 'On a scale of '0 to 10', please indicate the number that best describes your child's sleep disruption in the last week.' The markers ranged from 0 = 'slept extremely well' to 10 = 'unable to sleep at all'. The change from baseline in the sleep disruption 0 to 10 numerical rating scale score was analyzed using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model with baseline and age group (2 to 5 years, 6 to 12 years and 13 to 18 years) as covariates and treatment group as a fixed factor. A negative change from baseline represents an improvement in sleep. Last visit for endpoints assessed at clinic visits was defined as the last scheduled visit (not including the end of taper or safety follow-up visits) at which participant's last evaluation was performed.
Change From Baseline In Quality Of Life In Childhood Epilepsy (QOLCE) Score	Baseline to EOT (Day 99) or ET	The QOLCE questionnaire was completed by the parent or caregiver of participants aged 4 years and above. The change from baseline in the overall quality of life score was analyzed using an ANCOVA model with baseline and age group (2 to 5 years, 6 to 12 years and 13 to 18 years) as covariates and treatment group as a fixed factor. Zero represents the lowest or poorest category and 100 represents the highest level of functioning. The overall quality of life score was calculated by taking the mean of the subscale scores.