Acute Kidney Injury in Asphyxiated Infants Treated by Therapeutic Hypothermia

The study will be conducted at the NICU of Mansoura University children's Hospital and regional General Hospital where brain cooling is not available.

Infants will be identified in the delivery room or the NICU based on a per-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. The admitting physician will inform the study team upon admitting the infants to prepare for obtaining consent form.

When a patient is admitted and satisfies the inclusion criteria, one of the investigators or delegate will approach the parent(s). Patient identification will be done by admitting residents or the nurse practitioners. Parents will be approached by the residents or the nurse practitioners while the signature of the consent form in case of agreement will be obtained by one of the investigators who are not responsible about the care of the infant. Using language understandable to the parent(s), the study protocol will be described in detail outlining the procedure and describing any potential risks. All parents will be specifically informed that a decision not to participate in the research study will in no way compromise their child's care. If the parent(s) agree that their child participate in the study, written informed consent will be obtained. A copy of the consent form will be kept with the investigators.

Infants will be classified into two groups, either group 1 (Cooled group) or group 2 (Non-cooled group) who missed opportunity to be identified within proper time.Categorization will be center-based according to the feasibility of cooling devices at proper time (the first 12 hours of the baby's life).

Group 1 (Cooled group) Cooling procedure We will fit a cooling cap (Olympic Medical Cool Care System, Olympic Medical) around the head for 72 h. The system consists of a small thermostatically controlled cooling unit with a pump that circulated water through the cap. The initial water temperature is set between 8°C and 12°C. All infants will be nursed under a radiant overhead heater, which is servo-controlled to the infant's abdominal skin temperature and adjusted to maintain the rectal temperature at 33.5-34.5ºC. Adjustments will be made to the cooling cap water temperature to stay within these limits. At the start of hypothermia, the overhead heater will be turned off for 20-30 min to accelerate cooling, and then turned back on once the rectal temperature had fallen to 35.5ºC.