Foot and Hip Abductor Strengthening in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis.

Not Applicable

Recruiting

Interventions: Other: Hip abductor strengthening exercise
Other: Intrinsic foot muscle strengthening along with conventional exercises

Brief Summary: The study will be Randomized controlled trail, Subject diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis meeting predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria will be divided into two groups.

Pre assessment will be done using pain, ROM, function, foot arches and knee alignment as subjective measurement through KOOS questionnaire, goniometer, 2D frontal plane projection, Berkemann foot prints using ink and paper ,30s chair stand test, nine step stair climb,40m fast paced walk test,Global rating of change score respectively . One group will be treated with hip abductor strengthening exercise along with conventional exercises and second group will be treated with intrinsic foot muscle strengthening exercise along with conventional exercises. Post treatment values recorded after the session.After data collection from defined study setting,data will be entered and analyzed at Riphah International University,Lahore

Detailed Description: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of joint pain1 and disability2 in middle- and older-aged individuals, and is one of the most commonly managed conditions in primary care3. Recent incidence rates suggest around 6% of people aged over 45 years develop knee symptoms. Knee OA symptoms and radiographic change that worsen over time can lead to costly surgical intervention.

Compressive forces on the knee caused by knee adduction moment on the medial compartment of the joint are associated with the severity of the disease and intensity of pain. In addition, decreased strength of the quadriceps is one of the contributing factors for the onset of the disease.

short foot exercises (SFE) have shown to be effective using the IFM and excluding the EFM found that SFE contracted the intrinsic muscles of the foot to increase the inner arch of the foot, thereby shortening the longitudinal arch.Pronated foot is deeply related to the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) where the presence of a pronated foot consequently leads to a decrease in the MLA.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Hip abductor strengthening exercise along with conventional exercises	Hip abductor strengthening exercise	Hip abductor strengthening Participant was positioned in side lying with bottom leg hip abducting to a 45-degree and knee in flexion. The uppermost leg was actively abducted while it remains in slight extension making sure no rotation occurred. Participant was instructed to hold the leg in that position for 5-10 seconds and then to lower it to resting position. Participant was instructed to repeat the exercise with weight cuff attached to the proximal part of ankle
intrinsic foot muscle strengthening exercise along with conventional exercises	Intrinsic foot muscle strengthening along with conventional exercises	Wring towel with feet: . Patient in sitting position, place a hand towel flat on the floor pull the towel towards your heel. Grapping object with toes: Sitting, place the object flat on the floor. . Hold it for a second and then according to the resistance of the release it. Toe abduction (hallux and 2nd toe): Sitting place a small band between the hallux and second toe. Open and separate your toe and then squeeze the toe against the resistance of elastic. Always leave your feet resting on the floor.. Toggle toe support: Sitting with feet resting on the floor, alternately touch the first and fifth toes on the floor. Be careful not to move your knees.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)	8 weeks	The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a questionnaire designed to assess short and long-term patient-relevant outcomes following knee injury.A Likert scale is used and all items have five possible answer options scored from 0 (No problems) to 4 (Extreme problems).
Berkemann foot prints	8 weeks	For arch measurement, the longitudinal and horizontal arch lengths were recorded for the left and right feet to create a static standing position using a Berkemann footprint

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Frontal plane projection	8 weeks	Two-dimensional (2D) frontal-plane projection angles of hip and knee alignment were measured during a single-leg step-down performed from a 15-cm step
Goniometer	8 weeks	Universal Goniometer (UG) An instrument called a goniometer is used to measure a joint's range of motion.
9 step stairs climb test.	8 weeks	This test used to measure physical function.
30 seconds chair stand test	8 weeks	This test used to measure physical function.
Overall self-perception by Global Rating of Change Score	8 weeks	Overall self-perception will be evaluated by the Global Rating of Change Score, an 11-point scale designed to quantify a patient's improvement or deterioration over time. Higher scores indicate better recovery from KOA
40-m fast-paced walk test	8 weeks	This test used to measure physical function.