Effectiveness of a Strength Program Over Cognitive Functionality in Older Adults Undergoing an Occupational Therapy Program
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Not yet recruiting
- Sponsor
- University of Salamanca
- Enrollment
- 90
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Cognitive functionality
Study Overview
Brief Summary
This is a randomized, parallel, double-blind clinical trial. The main objective is to compare the efficacy of strength training, multimodal exercise with non-specific exercises and a control group on cognitive functionality and physical composition in subjects over 65 years of age with mild or non existent cognitive impairment currently receiving occupational therapy.
The intervention in both groups will be carried out for 30 weeks, with three weekly sessions. Two evaluations will be performed, one pre-intervention and one post-intervention. Cognitive Functionality (Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) and Lawton and Brody Scale), Sleep quality (Athens insomnia scale and Pittsburgh sleep quality index), physical functionality (Timed up and go (TUG), chair stand test and hand grip test and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)), body composition (Body fat %, skeletal muscle index (SMI), appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM), waist circumference, waist hip ratio, body weight, body mass index (BMI)) will be evaluated.
Detailed Description
Design: Randomized, controlled clinical trial with three parallel groups, in which subjects over 65 years of age will be recruited. Study participants will be assigned to one of the three intervention groups. The study will have a duration of 8 months. There will be 2 evaluation visits, an initial one, and a final one after 8 months. During 8 months there will be 3 weekly sessions lasting 50 minutes.
Scope: The study will be carried out in the Salamanca Health Area, in collaboration with the Research, Teaching and Assistance Unit of the Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy of the University of Salamanca and the Department of Elderly People of the Salamanca City Council.
Interventions: 1) Multimodal Exercise Group (GEM); 2) Strength Exercise Group (GES); 3) No Exercise Control Group (CG). The GEM and GES sessions follow the same structural pattern. They will be structured according to the recommendations of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). In the main part of the GES, only strength exercises will be performed.
Study population: 90 subjects over 65 years of age from the city of Salamanca will be recruited, distributed in 3 groups at a 1:1:1 ratio. Randomization will be performed using the Epidat 4.2 program. The sample size was calculated using GRANMO Version 7. 12 April 2012.
The main study variables are: Cognitive functionality (Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) and Lawton and Brody Scale), Sleep quality (Athens insomnia scale and Pittsburgh sleep quality index), Physical Functionality (Timed Up & Go test (TUG), chair stand test and hand grip test and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)), body composition (Body fat %, skeletal muscle index (SMI), appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM), waist circumference, waist hip ratio, body weight, body mass index (BMI)), SARC-F Questionnaire, % RM estimated by force-velocity profile and Gait speed.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Prevention
- Masking
- Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 65 Years to — (Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Subjects older than 65
Exclusion Criteria
- •Absolute contraindication for excersice
- •Severe cognitive impairment or dementia
- •Language barriers
- •Pending litigation or legal claim
Arms & Interventions
Strength Training Group
The main part of the strength training program will have the following exercises: wall push-ups, arm raises, elbow push-ups and extensions, weighted pronosupination, hand press, knee and hip hinge squat, deadlifts, front and sagittal plan stride, and heel raises.
It will consist on different phases:
- st phase: exercise adaptation: the correct execution of upper and lower limb exercises will be taught for one month.
- nd phase: Resistance training: During the following seven months, strength exercises will be performed at slow and normal speed of the movement patterns learned in the training course, increasing load and volume according to each subject's individual progress.
Intervention: Strength training in older adults with mild or non existent cognitive impairment (Procedure)
Multimodal Exercise Group
The main part of the multicomponent exercise program integrates different exercise modalities: Aerobic, mobility, strength, balance and coordination exercises. Playful activities or games are also included.
Exercises will be turned gradually more demanding along the duration of the program.
Intervention: Multimodal excercise in older adults with mild or non existent cognitive impairment (Procedure)
Control Group
Participants in this group should continue with their usual dietary pattern and level of physical activity, without changing their lifestyle habits during the study period. They will not participate in the strength exercise program, nor will they perform systematic, programmed and supervised physical exercise in any other program.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Cognitive functionality
Time Frame: 8 months
Cognitive functionality will be measured with the Montreal Scales Assessment (MOCA). Maximum score is 30, considering a punctuation ≥ 26 is considered normal.
Secondary Outcomes
- Pittsburgh sleep quality index(6 months)
- Body Mass Index (BMI)(8 months)
- Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)(8 months)
- Timed Up and Go (TUG)(8 months)
- Lawton & Brody Scale(8 months)
- Athens insomnia scale(6 months)
- Gait speed(8 months)
Investigators
Arturo Dávila Marcos
PhD student
University of Salamanca