Learning Brushing Using Game Elements in Mobile Phones Apps

Not Applicable

• Conditions: Oral Hygiene; Children, Only; Dental Plaque; Motivation; Dental Devices, Home Care; Learning
• Interventions: Behavioral: Manual toothbrush Curaprox 5460 ultra soft; Behavioral: Electric toothbrush Play Smart Brush N°1; Behavioral: Electric toothbrush Play Smart Brush N°2

• Registration Number: NCT03935009
• Lead Sponsor: University Maribor

Brief Summary

The study aims to compare the efficacy of using gamification for oral hygiene in children at home environment.

Detailed Description

Subjects will be randomized into three groups:

1. The first group will receive a manual toothbrush Curaprox 5460 ultra soft, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Chomper Chums.

2. The second group will receive electric toothbrush Playbrush Smart Sonic, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Playbrush App.

3. The third group will receive electric toothbrush Playbrush Smart Sonic, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Utoothia.

Study Timeline

• Status Verified: 2019-04
• Study First Submitted: 2019-04-16
• Study First Submitted QC: 2019-04-29
• Last Update Submitted: 2019-04-29
• Study Start: 2019-05
• Study First Posted: 2019-05-02
• Last Update Posted: 2019-05-02
• Primary Completion: 2019-07
• Study Completion: 2019-12

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: UNKNOWN
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 100

Inclusion Criteria

• Children with secondary dentition (not completed);
• Children age 10 years and above and don't have mental or physical disabilities;
• Children brushing teeth by themselves;
• Children using manual or electric toothbrush;
• Children using a mobile phone;

Exclusion Criteria

• Children with the fixed orthodontic appliance;
• Children above 14 years;

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Manual toothbrush with electric toothbrush N°1	Electric toothbrush Play Smart Brush N°1	Participants will receive manual toothbrush (Curaprox 5460 ultra soft, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Chomper Chums) and an electric toothbrush N°1 (Playbrush Smart Sonic, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Playbrush App) and will be instructed to use them for six weeks.
Manual toothbrush with electric toothbrush N°1	Manual toothbrush Curaprox 5460 ultra soft	Participants will receive manual toothbrush (Curaprox 5460 ultra soft, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Chomper Chums) and an electric toothbrush N°1 (Playbrush Smart Sonic, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Playbrush App) and will be instructed to use them for six weeks.
Manual toothbrush with electric toothbrush N°2	Manual toothbrush Curaprox 5460 ultra soft	Participants will receive manual toothbrush (Curaprox 5460 ultra soft, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Chomper Chums) and an electric toothbrush N°2 (Playbrush Smart Sonic, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Utoothia) and will be instructed to use them for six weeks.
Electric toothbrush N°1 with electric toothbrush N°2	Electric toothbrush Play Smart Brush N°1	Participants will receive an electric toothbrush N°1 (Playbrush Smart Sonic, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Playbrush App) and an electric toothbrush N°2 (Playbrush Smart Sonic, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Utoothia) and will be instructed to use them for six weeks.
Electric toothbrush N°1 with electric toothbrush N°2	Electric toothbrush Play Smart Brush N°2	Participants will receive an electric toothbrush N°1 (Playbrush Smart Sonic, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Playbrush App) and an electric toothbrush N°2 (Playbrush Smart Sonic, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Utoothia) and will be instructed to use them for six weeks.
Manual toothbrush with electric toothbrush N°2	Electric toothbrush Play Smart Brush N°2	Participants will receive manual toothbrush (Curaprox 5460 ultra soft, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Chomper Chums) and an electric toothbrush N°2 (Playbrush Smart Sonic, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Utoothia) and will be instructed to use them for six weeks.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Control 2: Intrinsic motivation	Two weeks after baseline	The investigators will be using the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) for measuring the participant intrinsic motivation (McAuley, Duncan, \& Tammen, 1987). The IMI will have in total 37 items, measured on a 7-point scale.
Control 1: Intrinsic motivation	Baseline	The investigators will be using the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) for measuring the participant intrinsic motivation (McAuley, Duncan, \& Tammen, 1987). The IMI will have in total 37 items, measured on a 7-point scale.
Control 2: Oral hygiene index	Two weeks after baseline	The investigators will be using the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) for measuring the participant debris Index (DI) and Calculus Index (CI) (Greene and Vermillion, 1960). Each index has a scale from 0 to 3. After the scores for DI and CI are recorded, the OHI (OHI range from 0 to 12) values are calculated. Higher the OHI, poorer is the oral hygiene of the participant.
Control 1: Oral hygiene index	Baseline	The investigators will be using the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) for measuring the participant debris Index (DI) and Calculus Index (CI) (Greene and Vermillion, 1960). Each index has a scale from 0 to 3. After the scores for DI and CI are recorded, the OHI (OHI range from 0 to 12) values are calculated. Higher the OHI, poorer is the oral hygiene of the participant.
Control 3: Oral hygiene index	Six weeks after baseline	The investigators will be using the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) for measuring the participant debris Index (DI) and Calculus Index (CI) (Greene and Vermillion, 1960). Each index has a scale from 0 to 3. After the scores for DI and CI are recorded, the OHI (OHI range from 0 to 12) values are calculated. Higher the OHI, poorer is the oral hygiene of the participant.
Control 3: Intrinsic motivation	Six weeks after baseline	The investigators will be using the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) for measuring the participant intrinsic motivation (McAuley, Duncan, \& Tammen, 1987). The IMI will have in total 37 items, measured on a 7-point scale.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Oral hygiene knowledge of participants 1	Baseline	The investigators will use a questionnaire (Poutanen et al., 2007) about demographic factors and oral health-related knowledge attitudes, belief, and behavior to get information about the knowledge of participants oral health. Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs are measured with 4-point Likert-scale questions; the alternatives were: strongly agree, partly agree, partly disagree, strongly disagree. Behaviors are measured with 7-point Likert-scale questions with alternatives that described the frequency of the behavior.
Oral hygiene knowledge of participants 2	Six weeks after baseline	The investigators will use a questionnaire (Poutanen et al., 2007) about oral health-related knowledge attitudes, belief, and behavior to get information about the knowledge of participants oral health. Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs are measured with 4-point Likert-scale questions; the alternatives were: strongly agree, partly agree, partly disagree, strongly disagree. Behaviors are measured with 7-point Likert-scale questions with alternatives that described the frequency of the behavior.

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

University Maribor; 🇸🇮 Maribor, Slovenia

University of Maribor Faculty of health sciences; 🇸🇮 Maribor, Slovenia