A Feasibility and Randomized Phase 2/3 Study of the VEGFR2/MET Inhibitor Cabozantinib in Combination With Cytotoxic Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed Osteosarcoma
Overview
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Intervention
- Doxorubicin Hydrochloride
- Conditions
- High Grade Osteosarcoma
- Sponsor
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- Enrollment
- 1122
- Locations
- 315
- Primary Endpoint
- Occurrence of dose-limiting toxicity (Feasibility)
- Status
- Recruiting
- Last Updated
- 4 days ago
Overview
Brief Summary
This phase II/III trial tests the safety, side effects, and best dose of the drug cabozantinib in combination with standard chemotherapy, and to compare the effect of adding cabozantinib to standard chemotherapy alone in treating patients with newly diagnosed osteosarcoma. Cabozantinib is in a class of medications called kinase inhibitors which block protein signals affecting new blood vessel formation and the ability to activate growth signaling pathways. This may help slow the growth of tumor cells. The drugs used in standard chemotherapy for this trial are methotrexate, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MAP). Methotrexate stops cells from making DNA and may kill tumor cells. It is a type of antimetabolite. Doxorubicin is in a class of medications called anthracyclines. It works by slowing or stopping the growth of tumor cells in the body. Cisplatin is in a class of medications known as platinum-containing compounds. It works by killing, stopping or slowing the growth of tumor cells. Adding cabozantinib to standard chemotherapy may work better in treating newly diagnosed osteosarcoma.
Detailed Description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the feasibility of adding cabozantinib S-malate (cabozantinib) to standard MAP (high dose methotrexate, doxorubicin hydrochloride \[doxorubicin\], and cisplatin) chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic osteosarcoma with a resectable primary tumor. II. To determine whether MAP chemotherapy plus cabozantinib results in more favorable event-free survival (EFS) than MAP chemotherapy alone in patients with localized, resectable osteosarcoma. III. To determine whether MAP chemotherapy plus cabozantinib results in more favorable event-free survival (EFS) than MAP chemotherapy alone in patients with metastatic, pelvic and unresectable osteosarcoma. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine whether MAP chemotherapy plus cabozantinib results in more favorable overall survival (OS) than MAP chemotherapy alone in patients with localized, resectable osteosarcoma. II. To determine whether MAP chemotherapy plus cabozantinib results in more favorable overall survival (OS) than MAP chemotherapy alone in patients with metastatic, pelvic and unresectable osteosarcoma. III. To prospectively validate that elevated circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) levels greater than or equal to 5% at the time of diagnosis are associated with increased risk of EFS-event in patients with localized, resectable osteosarcoma. IV. To prospectively validate that elevated ctDNA levels greater than or equal to 5% at the time of diagnosis are associated with increased risk of EFS-event in patients with metastatic, pelvic and unresectable osteosarcoma. V. To prospectively validate that elevated ctDNA levels greater than or equal to 3% after initiation of therapy and prior to definitive surgery are associated with increased risk of EFS-event in patients with localized, resectable osteosarcoma. VI. To prospectively validate that elevated ctDNA levels greater than or equal to 3% after initiation of therapy and prior to definitive surgery are associated with increased risk of EFS-event in patients with metastatic, pelvic and unresectable osteosarcoma. VII. To determine whether MAP chemotherapy plus cabozantinib results in increased symptom burden and decreased tolerability to patients as measured by patient reported therapy-specific acute toxicities (Patient-Reported Outcomes-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events \[PRO-CTCAE\]). EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the rate of good histologic response (\> 90%) of resected primary tumor specimens following neoadjuvant chemotherapy with MAP plus cabozantinib and compare with response rates for MAP chemotherapy alone. II. To describe the toxicities of the addition of cabozantinib to MAP chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed osteosarcoma. III. To compare the probability of Grade 3 or higher port site wound complications on the MAP plus cabozantinib regimen to that of MAP chemotherapy alone in patients with newly diagnosed osteosarcoma who received a port for the administration of chemotherapy. IV. To describe frequency of application of local control methods (surgery, hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy, or radiofrequency ablation) for extrapulmonary metastatic osteosarcoma. V. To compare total cumulative delivered doses of MAP chemotherapy agents between standard and experimental arms across multiple phases of therapy. VI. To assess the pharmacokinetics of cabozantinib when administered concomitantly with standard chemotherapy agents during feasibility. VII. To collect pulmonary metastatic lesions, paired primary tumor tissue, and serial blood samples for tumor profiling, liquid biopsies, and future testing of correlative biology studies. VIII. To determine whether ctDNA at diagnosis and early on-treatment, as a continuous measurement of ctDNA burden, is associated with an increased risk of EFS-event in patients with newly diagnosed osteosarcoma. IX. To evaluate whether the magnitude of change in ctDNA levels from diagnosis to planned surgical procedure is associated with risk of EFS-event in patients with newly diagnosed osteosarcoma. X. To determine whether ctDNA levels greater than or equal to 3% after planned surgical procedures are associated with increased risk of EFS-event. XI. To describe the presence of specific copy-number alterations, including MYC amplifications, detected in ctDNA and matched diagnostic tumor samples in patients with newly diagnosed osteosarcoma and determine whether frequently occurring copy-number alterations are associated with increased risk of EFS-event. XII. To determine whether ctDNA burden is predictive of response to the experimental therapy in patients with newly diagnosed osteosarcoma. XIII. To prospectively compare the impact of combination therapy on symptom bother as measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General Questionnaire (FACT-G) item GP5 in patients with osteosarcoma receiving MAP chemotherapy with or without cabozantinib, and to assess the relationship between symptom bother and number of patient-reported acute toxicities (as measured by the PRO-CTCAE). OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study of cabozantinib (Feasibility Phase) followed by a randomized phase II/III study (Efficacy Phase). FEASIBILITY PHASE (CLOSED TO ACCRUAL 05/09/2025): Patients receive cabozantinib orally (PO), methotrexate intravenously (IV), doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles. Patients are then considered for appropriate local control. Then they receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, followed by cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, and cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV for two 35-day cycles. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. EFFICACY PHASE: Patients with standard risk osteosarcoma are randomized to Arm A or Arm B. Patients with high risk osteosarcoma are randomized to Arm C or Arm D. ARM A: Standard risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. ARM B: Standard risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. ARM C: High risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. ARM D: High risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. All patients also undergo X-ray, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •Patients must be \< 40 years of age at the time of enrollment.
- •Patients must have a body surface area of \>= 0.8 m\^2 at the time of enrollment.
- •Patients must have histologic diagnosis (by institutional pathologist) of newly diagnosed high grade osteosarcoma. Primary tumors of all extremity and axial sites are eligible as long as diagnosis of high-grade osteosarcoma is established. Osteosarcoma as a second malignancy is eligible if no prior exposure to systemic chemotherapies.
- •Feasibility Phase (NOTE: as of Amendment #2B, the feasibility phase has been completed) Patients must have metastatic disease and a resectable primary tumor. Designation of a primary tumor as resectable will be determined at the time of diagnosis by the institutional multidisciplinary team.
- •For this study, metastatic disease is defined as one or more of the following:
- •Lesions which are discontinuous from the primary tumor, are not regional lymph nodes, and do not share a bone or body cavity with the primary tumor. Skip lesions in the same bone as the primary tumor do not constitute metastatic disease. Skip lesions in an adjacent bone are considered bone metastases.
- •Lung metastases: defined as biopsy-proven metastasis or the presence of one or more pulmonary lesions \>= 5 mm, OR multiple pulmonary lesions \>= 3 mm or greater in size.
- •Bone metastases: Areas suspicious for bone metastasis based on fludeoxyglucose F-18 (18F-FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) scan (or whole body technetium-99 bone scan if 18F-FDG-PET is unavailable at the treating institution) require confirmatory biopsy or supportive anatomic imaging of at least one suspicious site with either magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) (whole body 18F-FDG-PET/CT or 18F-FDG-PET/MR scans are acceptable).
- •Efficacy Phases (Phase 2/3) NOTE: as of Amendment #2B, the efficacy phase is open for enrollment.
- •Patients with both localized and metastatic disease are eligible for the efficacy phase, regardless of resectability. Patients will be enrolled to two separate cohorts:
Exclusion Criteria
- •Patients who have received previous systemic therapy for osteosarcoma or a prior oncologic diagnosis.
- •Patients who have central nervous system metastases.
- •Patients with central cavitating pulmonary lesions invading or encasing any major blood vessels in the lung.
- •Patients who are unable to swallow tablets. Tablets cannot be crushed or chewed.
- •Patients with gastrointestinal disorders including active disorders associated with a high risk of perforation or fistula formation. Specifically, no clinically significant gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, GI perforation, bowel obstruction, intra-abdominal abscess or fistula for 6 months prior to enrollment, no hemoptysis or other signs of pulmonary hemorrhage for 3 months prior to enrollment.
- •Patients with active bleeding or bleeding diathesis. No clinically significant hematuria, hematemesis, or hemoptysis or other history of significant bleeding within 3 months prior to enrollment.
- •Patients with uncompensated or symptomatic hypothyroidism. Patients who have hypothyroidism controlled with thyroid replacement hormone are eligible.
- •Patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B or C).
- •Patients who have had primary tumor resection or attempted curative resection of metastases prior to enrollment.
- •Patients who have undergone other major surgical procedure (eg, laparotomy) within 14 days prior to enrollment. Thoracoscopic procedures for diagnostic purposes (biopsy of lung nodule) and central access such as port-a-cath placement are allowed.
Arms & Interventions
Efficacy Phase Arm A (MAP)
Standard risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Doxorubicin Hydrochloride
Efficacy Phase Arm B (cabozantinib, MAP)
Standard risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Cisplatin
Efficacy Phase Arm C (MAP)
High risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Cisplatin
Efficacy Phase Arm B (cabozantinib, MAP)
Standard risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Surgical Procedure
Efficacy Phase Arm B (cabozantinib, MAP)
Standard risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: X-Ray Imaging
Feasibility phase (cabozantinib, MAP)
(CLOSED TO ACCRUAL 05/09/2025): Patients receive cabozantinib orally (PO), methotrexate intravenously (IV), doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles. Patients are then considered for appropriate local control. Then they receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, followed by cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, and cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV for two 35-day cycles. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles.
Intervention: Computed Tomography
Feasibility phase (cabozantinib, MAP)
(CLOSED TO ACCRUAL 05/09/2025): Patients receive cabozantinib orally (PO), methotrexate intravenously (IV), doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles. Patients are then considered for appropriate local control. Then they receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, followed by cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, and cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV for two 35-day cycles. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles.
Intervention: Surgical Procedure
Feasibility phase (cabozantinib, MAP)
(CLOSED TO ACCRUAL 05/09/2025): Patients receive cabozantinib orally (PO), methotrexate intravenously (IV), doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles. Patients are then considered for appropriate local control. Then they receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, followed by cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, and cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV for two 35-day cycles. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles.
Intervention: X-Ray Imaging
Efficacy Phase Arm D (cabozantinib, MAP)
High risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Efficacy Phase Arm D (cabozantinib, MAP)
High risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: X-Ray Imaging
Feasibility phase (cabozantinib, MAP)
(CLOSED TO ACCRUAL 05/09/2025): Patients receive cabozantinib orally (PO), methotrexate intravenously (IV), doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles. Patients are then considered for appropriate local control. Then they receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, followed by cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, and cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV for two 35-day cycles. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles.
Intervention: Bone Scan
Efficacy Phase Arm C (MAP)
High risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Bone Scan
Efficacy Phase Arm C (MAP)
High risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: X-Ray Imaging
Efficacy Phase Arm D (cabozantinib, MAP)
High risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Bone Scan
Feasibility phase (cabozantinib, MAP)
(CLOSED TO ACCRUAL 05/09/2025): Patients receive cabozantinib orally (PO), methotrexate intravenously (IV), doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles. Patients are then considered for appropriate local control. Then they receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, followed by cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, and cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV for two 35-day cycles. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles.
Intervention: Methotrexate
Feasibility phase (cabozantinib, MAP)
(CLOSED TO ACCRUAL 05/09/2025): Patients receive cabozantinib orally (PO), methotrexate intravenously (IV), doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles. Patients are then considered for appropriate local control. Then they receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, followed by cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, and cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV for two 35-day cycles. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles.
Intervention: Cabozantinib S-malate
Efficacy Phase Arm A (MAP)
Standard risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Cisplatin
Efficacy Phase Arm A (MAP)
Standard risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Methotrexate
Feasibility phase (cabozantinib, MAP)
(CLOSED TO ACCRUAL 05/09/2025): Patients receive cabozantinib orally (PO), methotrexate intravenously (IV), doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles. Patients are then considered for appropriate local control. Then they receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, followed by cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, and cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV for two 35-day cycles. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles.
Intervention: Doxorubicin Hydrochloride
Efficacy Phase Arm D (cabozantinib, MAP)
High risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Methotrexate
Efficacy Phase Arm A (MAP)
Standard risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Computed Tomography
Efficacy Phase Arm A (MAP)
Standard risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Efficacy Phase Arm A (MAP)
Standard risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Surgical Procedure
Feasibility phase (cabozantinib, MAP)
(CLOSED TO ACCRUAL 05/09/2025): Patients receive cabozantinib orally (PO), methotrexate intravenously (IV), doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles. Patients are then considered for appropriate local control. Then they receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, followed by cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, and cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV for two 35-day cycles. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles.
Intervention: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Efficacy Phase Arm A (MAP)
Standard risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: X-Ray Imaging
Efficacy Phase Arm B (cabozantinib, MAP)
Standard risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Computed Tomography
Efficacy Phase Arm A (MAP)
Standard risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Bone Scan
Efficacy Phase Arm B (cabozantinib, MAP)
Standard risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Efficacy Phase Arm C (MAP)
High risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Efficacy Phase Arm C (MAP)
High risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Surgical Procedure
Efficacy Phase Arm D (cabozantinib, MAP)
High risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Computed Tomography
Efficacy Phase Arm C (MAP)
High risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Methotrexate
Efficacy Phase Arm B (cabozantinib, MAP)
Standard risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Doxorubicin Hydrochloride
Efficacy Phase Arm D (cabozantinib, MAP)
High risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Doxorubicin Hydrochloride
Efficacy Phase Arm C (MAP)
High risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Doxorubicin Hydrochloride
Efficacy Phase Arm B (cabozantinib, MAP)
Standard risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Cabozantinib S-malate
Efficacy Phase Arm C (MAP)
High risk patients receive methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day cycles and methotrexate IV and doxorubicin IV for two additional 35-day cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Computed Tomography
Efficacy Phase Arm B (cabozantinib, MAP)
Standard risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Bone Scan
Efficacy Phase Arm D (cabozantinib, MAP)
High risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Cisplatin
Feasibility phase (cabozantinib, MAP)
(CLOSED TO ACCRUAL 05/09/2025): Patients receive cabozantinib orally (PO), methotrexate intravenously (IV), doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles. Patients are then considered for appropriate local control. Then they receive "consolidation" with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, followed by cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for one 35-day cycle, and cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV for two 35-day cycles. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles.
Intervention: Cisplatin
Efficacy Phase Arm B (cabozantinib, MAP)
Standard risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Methotrexate
Efficacy Phase Arm D (cabozantinib, MAP)
High risk patients receive cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV for two 35-day "induction" cycles, followed by appropriate local control. Patients then receive one 35-day "consolidation" cycle with methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, then a second 35-day "consolidation" cycle with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, doxorubicin IV, and cisplatin IV, followed by two additional 35-day "consolidation" cycles with cabozantinib PO, methotrexate IV, and doxorubicin IV. Patients then receive cabozantinib PO for six 28-day "maintenance" cycles. Patients also undergo X-ray, CT, MRI, and PET or bone scintigraphy at diagnosis and additional time points throughout the trial. All patients also undergo collection of blood samples during screening and on study.
Intervention: Cabozantinib S-malate
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Occurrence of dose-limiting toxicity (Feasibility)
Time Frame: Baseline up to 6 weeks
Only patients with high risk osteosarcoma who have a primary tumor considered resectable at the time of enrollment will be enrolled to this part of the trial. If a feasible dose cannot be established, the study committee will consult with Children's Oncology Group leadership and National Cancer Institute Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program regarding possible modifications of the regimen and subsequent protocol amendment.
Event-free survival (EFS) (Phase II)
Time Frame: From randomization until disease progression, relapse, diagnosis of a second malignant neoplasm, death or last contact, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 5 years after completion of study treatment
The randomization and analysis will be stratified according to risk group. An assessment of the reduction in risk for EFS-event at the designated landmark time will be used to determine whether the trial continues to part 3. If the study proceeds to part 3, patients enrolled to part 2 of the trial will contribute to the primary analyses for part 3 of the study. If the interim criterion for continuation is not obtained, accrual will be closed with the conclusion that cabozantinib does not reduce sufficiently the risk for EFS-event for patients with newly-diagnosed osteosarcoma.
EFS (Phase III)
Time Frame: From randomization until disease progression, relapse, diagnosis of a second malignant neoplasm, death or last contact, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 5 years after completion of study treatment
Will consist of two randomized phase 3 sub-studies ('Phase 3'). One will be conducted in standard risk patients and one will be conducted in high risk patients.
Overall survival
Time Frame: From randomization until death or last contact, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 5 years after completion of study treatment
Occurrence of dose-limiting toxicity (Feasibility)
Time Frame: Baseline up to 6 weeks
Only patients with high risk osteosarcoma who have a primary tumor considered resectable at the time of enrollment will be enrolled to this part of the trial. If a feasible dose cannot be established, the study committee will consult with Children's Oncology Group leadership and National Cancer Institute Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program regarding possible modifications of the regimen and subsequent protocol amendment.
Event-free survival (EFS) (Phase II)
Time Frame: From randomization until disease progression, relapse, diagnosis of a second malignant neoplasm, death or last contact, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 5 years after completion of study treatment
The randomization and analysis will be stratified according to risk group. An assessment of the reduction in risk for EFS-event at the designated landmark time will be used to determine whether the trial continues to part 3. If the study proceeds to part 3, patients enrolled to part 2 of the trial will contribute to the primary analyses for part 3 of the study. If the interim criterion for continuation is not obtained, accrual will be closed with the conclusion that cabozantinib does not reduce sufficiently the risk for EFS-event for patients with newly-diagnosed osteosarcoma.
EFS (Phase III)
Time Frame: From randomization until disease progression, relapse, diagnosis of a second malignant neoplasm, death or last contact, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 5 years after completion of study treatment
Will consist of two randomized phase 3 sub-studies ('Phase 3'). One will be conducted in standard risk patients and one will be conducted in high risk patients.
Overall survival
Time Frame: From randomization until death or last contact, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 5 years after completion of study treatment
Secondary Outcomes
- Change in symptom burden and tolerability(Up to 5 years after completion of study treatment)
- EFS(From randomization until disease progression, relapse, diagnosis of a second malignant neoplasm, death or last contact, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 5 years after completion of study treatment)
- EFS(From randomization until disease progression, relapse, diagnosis of a second malignant neoplasm, death or last contact, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 5 years after completion of study treatment)
- Change in symptom burden and tolerability(Up to 5 years after completion of study treatment)