Vitamin D Treatment Effect for Atopic Dermatitis in Children

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease with intermittent flares, affecting approximately 15% to 20% worldwide. Atopic dermatitis is clinically distinguished by pruritus, eczematous plaques, and a defective epidermal barrier. The pathology of AD is not entirely understood. It involves a complex interplay of dysfunctions of immune response, genetic and environmental factors (such as exposure to allergens and microbes). The control of patients with AD may be difficult to be achieved in some patients; this suggests the presence of some other associated factors. The findings obtained in both clinical and observational studies revealed that the deficiency of vitamin D may be a factor to be considered in the pathophysiology of AD. Vitamin D supplementation with standard treatment yielded positive clinical outcomes in mild and moderate AD. However, the potential benefit of vitamin D and its clinical correlation in AD is still uncertain. Thus, there is a need for more detailed and prospective studies.

The investigators will enroll children with atopic dermatitis and age and gender matched healthy children in China Medical University Children's Hospital. Briefly, the investigators interviewed subjects using EASI SCORE (defined as moderate or severe patients) and collected their venous blood and microbiome samples of nasal, skin and anal swab. Then, AD subjects will be given vitamin D or placebo for 6 months in a randomized, double-blind way. The participants will be asked to return to the outpatient clinic every month to assess the severity of AD. After six months of follow-up, their blood, nasal cavity, skin and intestinal bacterial samples were taken. All microbial analysis, allergen detection, vitamin D concentration, VDR, and DBP genotype will be analyzed by the core laboratory and bioinformatics center of CMUH.

The investigators believe this study can answer the cause-effect relationships of microbiota and vitamin D in the development of AD, and design a microbiota-related preventive and treatment strategy.