Cytarabine in Combination With Arsenic Trioxide vs. Cytarabine Alone in Elderly Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia
- Conditions
- Acute Myeloid Leukemia
- Interventions
- Registration Number
- NCT00513305
- Lead Sponsor
- Cephalon
- Brief Summary
The primary objective of this study is to determine whether low-dose cytarabine in combination with arsenic trioxide is more effective than low-dose cytarabine alone in achieving complete remission in elderly patients (≥60 years of age) with acute myeloid leukemia.
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- TERMINATED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 67
- The patient has confirmed acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
- The patient is unwilling or unable to tolerate conventional induction chemotherapy.
- The patient has no comorbid conditions that would limit life expectancy to less than 3 months.
- Patient must meet specific laboratory parameters for study inclusion.
- The patient has had previous cytotoxic chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).
Previous treatment with low-dose cytarabine is not permitted.
- The patient has a QT interval outside of the protocol-specified range.
- The patient has laboratory values outside of protocol-specified ranges.
- The patient is concurrently treated with cytotoxic therapy, radiation, or investigational agents.
- The patient has uncontrolled, severe cardiovascular or pulmonary disease or other uncontrolled medical condition.
- The patient has known central nervous system involvement with AML.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Low-dose cytarabine plus arsenic trioxide Low-dose cytarabine alone Cycle 1 cytarabine 10 mg/m\^2 was administered subcutaneously (sc) twice daily (bid) on days 1-14. 0.25 mg/kg arsenic trioxide was administered intravenously (iv) on days 1-5 and days 8-12. Cycle 2 A second identical cycle of cytarabine and arsenic trioxide was given to patients with persistent disease. Patients who achieved complete remission (CR), complete remission with incomplete platelet count recovery (CRp), or partial remission (PR) after 1 or 2 cycles received a 14-day consolidation cycle of cytarabine and arsenic trioxide with the doses and schedule identical to the initial cycle. A recovery period of up to 4 weeks between the attainment of CR, CRp, or PR and the initiation of consolidation treatment was allowed. Patients who completed consolidation treatment started maintenance treatment of arsenic trioxide 0.25 mg/kg iv on days 1 and 4 and cytarabine 10 mg/m\^2 sc bid on days 1 through 7 of a 28-day cycle. Low-dose cytarabine alone Low-dose cytarabine alone Cytarabine was administered at a dose of 10 mg/m\^2 sc bid from days 1-14 of cycle 1. A second identical cycle of cytarabine was given to patients with persistent disease. Patients who achieved a complete remission (CR), complete remission with incomplete platelet count recovery (CRp), or partial remission (PR) after 1 or 2 cycles received a 14-day consolidation cycle of cytarabine with the doses and schedule identical to the initial treatment cycle. Recovery period up to 4 weeks between the attainment of CR, CRp, or PR and the initiation of consolidation treatment was allowed. Patients who completed consolidation treatment started maintenance treatment of cytarabine at 10 mg/m\^2 sc bid on days 1-7 of a 28-day cycle. Patients started maintenance treatment within 42 days after platelet count recovery. Maintenance treatment continued for 2 years or until unacceptable toxicity or disease progression. Low-dose cytarabine plus arsenic trioxide Arsenic trioxide Cycle 1 cytarabine 10 mg/m\^2 was administered subcutaneously (sc) twice daily (bid) on days 1-14. 0.25 mg/kg arsenic trioxide was administered intravenously (iv) on days 1-5 and days 8-12. Cycle 2 A second identical cycle of cytarabine and arsenic trioxide was given to patients with persistent disease. Patients who achieved complete remission (CR), complete remission with incomplete platelet count recovery (CRp), or partial remission (PR) after 1 or 2 cycles received a 14-day consolidation cycle of cytarabine and arsenic trioxide with the doses and schedule identical to the initial cycle. A recovery period of up to 4 weeks between the attainment of CR, CRp, or PR and the initiation of consolidation treatment was allowed. Patients who completed consolidation treatment started maintenance treatment of arsenic trioxide 0.25 mg/kg iv on days 1 and 4 and cytarabine 10 mg/m\^2 sc bid on days 1 through 7 of a 28-day cycle.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Percentage of Participants in Complete Remission (CR) From baseline through Day 70. Assessments were performed on Day 21 in cycle 1, no later than Day 56 of cycle 1 or 2 (if applicable), and no later than Day 70 of cycle 1 or 2 (if applicable) or at any other time at the discretion of the investigator The primary efficacy variable was the percentage of subjects in each treatment group who achieved complete remission after treatment with study drug. Complete remission was defined as: 1) Less than 5% blasts in normocellular bone marrow sample. 2) No blasts in bone marrow sample containing Auer rods. 3)Clearance of previous extramedullary disease. 4)Normal values for absolute neutrophil count (at least 1000/microliter), platelet count (at least 100,000/microliter), without platelet transfusions, and in absence of peripheral myeloblasts.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Number of Participants Who Died or Were Censored by 24 Months From Baseline through 24 months following Baseline This measure (time to death or censor) was defined for all enrolled subjects from the date of randomization until death from any cause. If a subject was not known to have died by the end of the followup period, observation of overall survival was censored on the date the patient was last known to be alive. The number of participants who died or were censored is presented here. (Note: all subjects participating in this study had either died or were censored by 24 months.)
Proportion of Participants With Relapse-Free Survival (RFS)Using the Kaplan-Meier Estimate From Baseline (randomization) through 24 months following Baseline RFS is defined for patients who achieved a complete remission (CR), complete remission with incomplete platelet recovery (CRp), or partial remission(PR), and was measured from the date of attaining CR, CRp, or PR until the date of AML relapse or death from any cause, whichever occurred first. For a patient not known to have relapsed or died by the end of the study followup, observation of relapse free survival was censored on the date of the last followup examination. The Kaplan Meier Estimate of relapse-free survival at Month 3 and Month 6 is presented here.
Number of Participants Who Experienced Induction (Thirty-Day) Mortality Up to 30 days following start of study drug treatment The number of subjects who died from any cause within the first 30 days after the start of study drug treatment is presented here.
Number of Participants Who Experienced Early Death 14 days from start of study drug treatment Early death is defined as death from any cause within the first 14 days after start of study drug treatment. The number of patients in each study group who experienced early death is presented here.
Proportion of Participants Surviving at 6 Months and 12 Months Using the Kaplan Meier Estimate Baseline through 12 months The duration of overall survival was defined for all patients and was measured from the date of randomization until death from any cause. For a patient who was not known to have died by the end of the follow-up period, observation of overall survival was censored on the date the patient was last known to be alive. The estimate of likelihood of survival at 6 and 12 months after Baseline using the Kaplan Meier Estimate is presented here.
Trial Locations
- Locations (12)
UCLA Medical Center
🇺🇸Los Angeles, California, United States
Indiana Oncology Hematology Consultants
🇺🇸Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
🇺🇸New York, New York, United States
USC / Norris Cancer Hospital
🇺🇸Los Angeles, California, United States
University of Illinois
🇺🇸Chicago, Illinois, United States
Princess Margaret Hospital
🇨🇦Toronto, Ontario, Canada
St. Vincent's Comprehensive Cancer Center
🇺🇸New York, New York, United States
Brody School of Medicine
🇺🇸Greenville, North Carolina, United States
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
🇺🇸Buffalo, New York, United States
UT Health Science Center
🇺🇸San Antonio, Texas, United States
University of Oklahoma
🇺🇸Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
Medical University of South Carolina
🇺🇸Charleston, South Carolina, United States