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Effects of a Ketogenic Diet on Acute Stroke

Phase 1
Completed
Conditions
Acute Stroke
Interventions
Dietary Supplement: Ketogenic meals
Registration Number
NCT01997749
Lead Sponsor
University of Copenhagen
Brief Summary

The purpose of this controlled, randomized intervention is to investigate whether a fat-based (ketogenic) diet given for a week has a positive effect on blood sugar, mortality and function in patients hospitalized with acute stroke compared to the effect of a usual diet.

The study hypothesis is that a ketogenic diet and reduced availability of glucose to the brain cells will reduce the volume of neuronal damage in the brain and improve function.

The intervention will take place at the neurological units of Glostrup and Bispebjerg Hospital in Denmark.

Detailed Description

A ketogenic diet can induce ketosis after a period of 2-3 days and offer the brain an alternative energy substrate to glucose in the form of ketone bodies. Feeding the brain ketone bodies can potentially benefit a stroke patient's brain in several ways:

Stroke is characterized by impaired blood and oxygen supply to brain cells. This can cause glucose to convert to lactate which is toxic for the brain. Decreasing glucose availability to brain cells may thus potentially decrease the area of damage in the ischemic penumbra (perifephery of the stroke). Compared with sugar, burning ketone bodies requires less oxygen to produce the same amount of energy, suggesting that brain cells could have a potential greater chance of surviving during circumstances of reduced oxygen supply. By decreasing mitochondria activity, ROS synthesis is also decreased, which can help decrease the necrotic area around the ischemic penumbra. Furthermore, the ketogenic diet does not induce an increase in blood sugar which could be an advantage since many stroke patients are admitted with hyperglycemia associated with a worse outcome.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
64
Inclusion Criteria
  • Patients with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke.
  • NIHSS score of at least 5.
  • Both primary and recurrent cases.
  • Inclusion as early as possible, but no later than 72 hours from symptom onset.
  • Patients with expected hospitalization for a minimum of seven days.
  • Adult patients with cognitive ability to give informed consent.
  • Patients with writing and orally accepted participation.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Patients with SAH and traumatic hematoma.
  • Patients with pancreatic insufficiency (steatorrhea).
  • Patients unable to give informed consent.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Ketogenic dietKetogenic mealsAcute stroke patients will receive a ketogenic diet (Ketocal 4:1 and ketogenic meals) for the first week after inclusion
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change from baseline p-C-peptide at 7 daysBaseline and 7 days
Change from baseline NIHSS (national institute of health stroke scale) at 90 daysBaseline and 90 days

NIHSS is a common stroke scale used to objectively quantify the impairment caused by a stroke

Change from baseline fasting blood sugar at 7 daysBaseline and 7 days
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change from baseline p-CRP at 7 daysBaseline and 7 days
Change from baseline p-potassium at 7 daysBaseline and 7 days
Change from baseline p-alkaline phosphatase at 7 daysbaseline and 7 days
Change from baseline p-bilirubine at 7 daysbaseline and 7 days
Change from baseline p-beta-hydroxy butyrate at 7 daysBaseline and 7 days
Change from baseline p-ALAT at 7 daysBaseline and 7 days
Change from baseline INR at 7 daysbaseline and 7 days
Change from baseline p-triglyceride (fasting) at 7 daysBaseline and 7 days
Change from baseline p-phosphate at 7 daysBaseline and 7 days
Change from baseline p-LDL at 7 daysBaseline and 7 days
Number of patients who died (mortality)up to 3 months
Number of patients with pneunomiaUp to one week
Change from baseline urine-ketones at 7 daysBaseline and 7 days
Number of patients with gastrointestinal complicationsUp to one week

Gastrointestinal complications monitored daily are: Nausea, Vomiting, Constipation, Diarrhea, Abdominal pain

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Glostrup Hospital

🇩🇰

Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark

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