Comparative Evaluation of Ego Defense Mechanisms Among Cooperative and Uncooperative Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Stress is a normal reaction to circumstances that are thought to be too much for a person to handle. Stress in young dental patients is frequently brought on by concern about being alone, fear of pain, and strange surroundings. Dental professionals may find it difficult to treat patients when they exhibit uncooperative conduct as a result of this stress.   Subconscious psychological techniques known as "ego defense mechanisms" (EDMs) are employed to control stress and anxiety. They can be roughly divided into three groups: The mechanisms are immature, neurotic, and mature. Adaptive mature defenses that facilitate successful coping include humor, sublimation, and suppression. Repression, displacement, and intellectualization are examples of neurotic strategies that are less adaptive but nonetheless effective and are frequently employed to avoid directly facing stresses. Maladaptive, immature defenses that might impede emotional growth or problem-solving include denial, regression, and projection. Since these mechanisms affect patient behavior and help practitioners customize efficient treatment techniques, it is crucial to comprehend them in healthcare settings. In times of stress, children use Ego Defense Mechanisms (EDMs) to manage their anxiety. These psychological techniques that operate subconsciously support emotional equilibrium. Denial, regression, and projection are common EDMs in children, and their use varies according to the age and emotional development of the kid. Certain processes may promote collaboration, but others may obstruct the course of treatment.   A popular instrument in pediatric dentistry for evaluating children’s cooperation and behavior during dental procedures is Frankl’s Behavior Rating Scale. The scale, which was created by Frankl et al. in 1962, assigns four different ratings to children’s behavior: Definitely Positive, Positive, Negative, and Definitely Negative. These scores are determined by the child’s general behavior in the dental office, communication with the dentist, and readiness to comply. The scale ensures a more efficient and comfortable dental experience for the child and the clinician by assisting practitioners in understanding the child’s emotional state and modifying their management techniques accordingly.     By identifying and comprehending these defense mechanisms, pediatric dentists can better customize their treatment plans to lower stress, build trust, and enhance patient results. In order to improve patient management techniques in clinical settings, this study examines the types and prevalence of EDMs used by pediatric dentistry patients according to the Frankl’s Behaviour Rating Scale.