Effect of Parental Attitude on Functional and Physical Level of Children With Cystic Fibrosis

Completed

• Conditions: Cystic Fibrosis; Cystic Fibrosis in Children

• Registration Number: NCT06306508
• Lead Sponsor: Halic University

Brief Summary

Some parents may be more protective of children with CF due to concerns about worsening of the disease due to infection, which can affect their functional level. The goal of this observational study is to learn about the family's protective approach to the functioning and disease course of children with cystic fibrosis (CF) to determine whether there are possible negative effects. There will be an alternative viewpoint offered to clinicians regarding the management of CF with outputs of this study.

Detailed Description

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disease characterized by pulmonary involvement. Children with CF may have low levels of physical activity, physical fitness and functional capacity, and peripheral muscle weakness. Parents who take care of children with CF may be protective of their children's social environment due to reasons such as the risk of infection. Based on the idea that parents may have potential limitations on their children with CF, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of parental illness beliefs and anxiety levels on the functional and physical level of the child. Children with CF will be administered Modified Shuttle Walking Test, Munich Physical Fitness Test, quadriceps muscle strength and hand grip strength test, respiratory function and respiratory muscle strength test, Child Physical Activity Questionnaire, Shortness of Breath Beliefs Questionnaire, Revised Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire, Parental Attitude Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale. Parents will be administered the Shortness of Breath Beliefs Questionnaire (Parent version), Revised Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire (Parent version), Parent Attitude Scale, Fear of Disease Progression Questionnaire for Parents. The level of correlation between the outcomes of the scales administered to parents and the assessment outcomes administered to children will be examined.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2024-02-16
• Study First Submitted: 2024-02-26
• Study First Submitted QC: 2024-03-05
• Study First Posted: 2024-03-12
• Primary Completion: 2024-07-11
• Study Completion: 2024-07-11
• Status Verified: 2025-03
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-03-18
• Last Update Posted: 2025-03-21

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 43

Inclusion Criteria

1. For a child

   1. To be between 7-17 years old,
   2. Living with family or caregiver.

2. For the parent

   1. Being the mother, father or other caregiver of the child,
   2. Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study on behalf of both the child and oneself.

Exclusion Criteria

1. For the child

   1. Having cognitive impairment that would prevent participation in the study or being able to cooperate with the measurements and not being able to adapt,
   2. History of previous lung or liver transplantation,
   3. History of hospitalization within the last 1 month,
   4. Having a neurological or orthopedic comorbidity that affects mobility.

2. For the parent

   1. Having cognitive impairment at a level that prevents participation in the study
   2. Not living in the same household with the child.

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Modified shuttle walk test (MST)	only baseline	Functional capacity

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP)	only baseline	It is being evaluated to assess inspiratory muscle strength. A intraoral pressure meter device is used for the assessment.
Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C)	only baseline	The PAQ-C is a scale that assesses moderate to vigorous physical activity over the past seven days. For each item of the questionnaire, except for the tenth question that inquires about the disease status, an evaluation is made on a 5-point scale and an activity score between 1-5 is found. After the scores of the answers given to the nine questions are summed and divided by the number of questions, the score obtained is the total physical activity score of the child from the questionnaire. An average score of "1" indicates a low level of physical activity, while an average score of "5" indicates high physical activity.
Handgrip strength	only baseline	It is being evaluated to assess handgrip strength. A hand dynamometer is used for the assessment.
Forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1)	only baseline	It is being evaluated to assess lung function. A spirometry is used for the assessment.
Parent Attitude Scale	only baseline	The scale has three sub-dimensions: acceptance/affection, control/supervision and psychological autonomy. Accordingly, since the scale is scored as Always 5; Mostly 4; No opinion 3; Occasionally 2; Never 1, the individual to whom the scale is applied receives a minimum score of 15 and a maximum score of 75 from each dimension separately. Each dimension is evaluated according to whether the scores are low or high. In whichever dimension the score is higher, it is accepted that the child perceives parental attitude in that way.
Maximum expiratory pressure (MEP)	only baseline	It is being evaluated to assess expiratory muscle strength. A intraoral pressure meter device is used for the assessment.
Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire Revised (CFQ-R)	only baseline	The CFQ-R assesses quality of life. The CFQ-R is a cystic fibrosis-specific scale developed separately for both the child and the parent. Both versions are used in this study. The child version of the questionnaire consists of 35 items and the parent version consists of 50 items. Scores for each HRQoL domain; after recoding, each item is summed to generate a domain score and standardized. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health. CD-Rom Program available for scoring the CFQ-R.
Breathlessness Beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ)	only baseline	The questionnaire was developed based on the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale to assess patients' dysfunctional beliefs about dyspnea due to reduced physical activity. The items question the patient's beliefs about the effects of dyspnea and whether activity should be avoided. The questionnaire has a minimum score of 11 and a maximum score of 55. As the total score increases, the belief in dysfunctional dyspnea increases.
Forced expiratory volume at one second / Forced vital capacity rate (FEV1/FVC)	only baseline	It is being evaluated to assess lung function. A spirometry is used for the assessment.
Peak expiratory flow (PEF)	only baseline	It is being evaluated to assess lung function. A spirometry is used for the assessment.
Munich physical fitness test (MFT)	only baseline	The test consists of six parameters: ball bounce, target catch, forward bending, vertical jump, hang and step test. With this test, peer comparison according to age and gender and interpretation of motor performance can be made with objective scores. The total fitness score is the average of the six parameter scores. Physical fitness is classified as inadequate (≤35), normal (36-45), adequate (46-55), good (56-65) or very good (≥66) according to the total score.
Forced vital capacity (FVC)	only baseline	It is being evaluated to assess lung function. A spirometry is used for the assessment.
Quadriceps strength	only baseline	It is being evaluated to assess quadriceps muscle strength. A hand-held dynamometer is used for the assessment.
Parental Attitude Scale (PAS)	only baseline	The PAS was developed to measure parents' child-rearing attitudes. Democratic (17 items), Authoritarian (11 items), Overprotective (9 items), Permissive (9 items). In scoring, scores and corresponding responses were 5 for "always", 4 for "most of the time", 3 for "sometimes", 2 for "rarely" and 1 for "never". Having a high score meant to adopt the behavior style represented by that domain.
Perceived Social Support Scale (PSS)	only baseline	PSS was developed to measure the social support perceived by children. The scale includes 5 items on social support perceived from mother and 5 items on social support perceived from father, and 4 items on social support perceived from peers. A minimum of 14 points and a maximum of 70 points can be obtained from the scale. As the total score increases, the child's perception of social support increases.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Haliç University; 🇹🇷 Istanbul, Eyup, Turkey