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Comparison of Two Different Regional Analgesia Techniques for Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Analgesia
Arthropathy of Knee
Postoperative Pain
Interventions
Procedure: IPACK block
Procedure: Selective tibial nerve block
Registration Number
NCT06179641
Lead Sponsor
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois
Brief Summary

The objective of this clinical trial is to compare two regional analgesia techniques in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: IPACK (Infiltration of local anesthetic between the Popliteal Artery and Capsule of the Knee) vs selective tibial nerve block. The main question is whether one of these peripheral blocks is more effective in reducing postoperative pain than the other. All patients will have a spinal block with an adductor canal block. One group will receive an IPACK block and the other group, a selective tibial nerve block. Postoperative pain scores and morphine consumption, among others, will be compared between groups.

Detailed Description

The aim of this randomized controlled double blinded trail is to compare an analgesic effect of an IPACK (Infiltration of local anesthetic between the Popliteal Artery and Capsule of the Knee) block vs selective tibial nerve block in patients scheduled for total knee arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia with an adductor canal block.

The investigators presume that association of a selective tibial nerve block with an adductor canal block provides better postoperative analgesia than a combination of an IPACK (Infiltration of local anesthetic between the Popliteal Artery and Capsule of the Knee) block with an adductor canal block. The research team plan on including 100 patients and randomly assign them to two groups of 50 patients each. After written informed consent, patients will be allocated to one of the groups, following a computer-generated list of randomization. All patients will receive central spinal anesthesia with 12.5 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine with 100 mcg of morphine and an adductor canal block with 150 mg of ropivacaine. IPACK block group will then receive an IPACK block with 38 mg of ropivacaine and a tibial nerve group will receive a selective tibial nerve block with 37.5 mg of ropivacaine.

During the surgery, iv dexamethasone 8 mg, iv magnesium sulfate 40 mg.kg-1, iv ketorolac 30 mg, and iv acetaminophen 1000 mg. will be administered to all patients.

After surgery, all patients will be prescribed an iv patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) of morphine (boluses of 2 mg available every 10 min, maximum of 40 mg every 4 hours) along with oral acetaminophen (1000 mg every 6 h) and oral ibuprofen (400 mg every 8 hours). Oral ondansetron 4 mg every 8 hours will be available on request in case of nausea or vomiting.

The primary outcome will be the cumulative iv morphine consumption at 24 h postoperatively. Secondary outcomes will include pain- and functional-related outcomes. Pain related outcomes are cumulative morphine consumption in the recovery room, at day 1, day 2 and day 3 postoperatively, rest and dynamic pain scores, duration of peripheral nerve block defined as the time between the execution of the block and the first dose of iv morphine, incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and pruritus during 3 days following surgical intervention, incidence of peroneal nerve block and complications of peripheral nerve blocks.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
100
Inclusion Criteria
  • American Society of Anesthesiologists classification I-III
  • 18 yo or older
  • patients scheduled for total knee arthroplasty under central spinal anesthesia
  • informed consent signed
Exclusion Criteria
  • Refusal or inability for informed consent
  • Known allergies to ropivacaine, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, ketorolac, morphine, ondansetron or dexamethasone
  • Secondary surgical revision
  • Opioid treatment such as morphine, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, tramadol, methadone, fentanyl, buprenorphine or codeine
  • Bleeding diathesis
  • Neurological deficit
  • Known renal insufficiency (eGFR <45 ml/min)
  • Known hepatic insufficiency (Child score B or C)
  • Alcohol abuse

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
IPACK groupIPACK blockIPACK (Infiltration of local anesthetic between the Popliteal Artery and Capsule of the Knee) block
Tibial nerve groupSelective tibial nerve blockselective tibial nerve block
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Total iv morphine consumption24 hours postoperatively

consumption in mg

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomitingat day 1, day 2 and day 3 postoperatively

Presence of nausea and vomiting in the postoperative period

peroneal nerve blockat day 1, day 2 and day 3 postoperatively

presence of peroneal nerve block

PCA administered morphine consumptionat day 1, day 2 and day 3 postoperatively

consumption in mg administered by PCA

Duration of peripheral nerve blockFrom execution of a peripheral nerve block till administration of a first dose of iv morphine, up to 48 hours

Time between execution of a peripheral nerve block and the first dose of iv morphine

complications of peripheral nerve blocksat the moment of execution of the block (day 0) and at day 3 postoperatively

iv injection, hematoma, infection

passive and active motion rangeat day 3 postoperatively

joint motion in degrees

quadriceps strengthat day 3 postoperatively

Percentage of strength as compared with the opposite leg

hospital stayfrom admission to the hospital till discharge, up to 3 days

length of hospital stay in days

Morphine consumption in the recovery roomFrom admission till discharge from the recovery room, up to 2 hours

consumption in mg

Incidence of pruritusat day 1, day 2 and day 3 postoperatively

Presence of pruritus

rest and dynamic pain scoresat day 1, day 2 and day 3 postoperatively

Visual Analogue scale(VAS), 0-10 where 0 is no pain and 10 is the worst pain imaginable

walking distanceat 72h postoperatively

walking distance without pain

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University Hospital of Lausanne

🇨🇭

Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland

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