Neck muscle activity in individuals undergoing cervical spine surgery—a single-group pre-post study

Title Neck Muscle Activity in Individuals Undergoing Cervical Spine Surgery – A Single Group Pre Post Study

Type of Study Prospective cross sectional study

Aim and Objective To assess neck muscle activity in terms of percentage maximum voluntary contraction before and after cervical spine surgery using surface electromyography

Justification There is limited research on isometric neck muscle activity before and after surgery. Using surface electromyography provides objective data to guide postoperative rehabilitation and improve patient recovery

Study Period April 2025 to March 2026

Sample Size 37 participants including 20 percent dropout rate

Inclusion Criteria Adults aged 18 to 65 years scheduled for elective cervical spine surgery and medically stable

Exclusion Criteria Severe pain score 6 or above on the numerical pain rating scale History of prior neck surgery Cervical trauma or congenital deformity Neurological or musculoskeletal conditions affecting the neck Skin conditions interfering with electrode placement

Tools Used Surface electromyography and numerical pain rating scale

Procedure Muscle activity of the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid will be recorded preoperatively and on the second postoperative day using surface electrodes during specific isometric tasks. Data will be averaged from three trials and compared

Outcome Measures Percentage maximum voluntary contraction and pain score

Statistical Analysis Descriptive statistics, normality testing using Shapiro Wilk test Paired t test or Wilcoxon signed rank test will be used Significance level set at p less than 0 point zero five

Potential Risks Minimal risk involving slight discomfort or fatigue

Benefits Helps design effective rehabilitation protocols Improves neck strength, function, and overall recovery

Ethical Considerations Institutional ethics committee approval Informed consent and confidentiality ensured Participant safety will be prioritized

Literature Review

Previous studies show changes in neck muscle function after cervical spine surgery. Muscle loss and altered activity patterns are linked to poor outcomes. Early identification and rehabilitation are essential to improve patient recovery and quality of life.