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Coagulation in Acute Aortic Dissection

Not Applicable
Recruiting
Conditions
Coagulation Disorder
Acute Aortic Dissection
Interventions
Procedure: Individualized HDR-approach
Procedure: Conventional ACT-approach
Registration Number
NCT05484830
Lead Sponsor
Ivy susanne Modrau, MD
Brief Summary

Acute aortic dissection (AAD) involving the ascending aorta (Stanford classification type A) remains a life-threatening disease. Excessive perioperative bleeding requiring massive transfusion of allogeneic blood products, and surgical reexploration remain major challenges in these patients. Previous research has indicated that patients with AAD show pronounced haemostatic alterations prior to surgery which are aggravated during major aortic surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia full heparinization.

Intensified anticoagulation management guided by heparin dose response (HDR) calculation, and repeated measurement of heparin concentration may be more effective than standard empiric weight-based heparin and protamine management monitored by activated clotting time (ACT) measurements to suppress thrombin generation during surgery for AAD.

This randomized controlled clinical trial compares the impact of two recommended anticoagulation management strategies during surgery for AAD including deep hypothermia on activation of coagulation: Heparin/protamine-management based on HDR-titration by means of HMS Plus® versus current institutional standard (HDR- versus ACT-approach).

Primary endpoint is thrombin generation as measured by early postoperative prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2). Secondary endpoints are other markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis as well as clinical outcome.

Detailed Description

Hypotheses:

Primary: HDR-approach is superior to ACT-approach in terms of suppressing thrombin generation after emergent surgery for acute aortic dissection (Stanford type A).

Secondary: HDR-approach is superior with regard to

* early postoperative haemostatic capacity

* requirement of blood product transfusion and haemostatic agents

* postoperative bleeding

Design:

Investigator-initiated, single-site, parallel-group (1:1), prospective, randomized, partially double-blinded trial in patients undergoing emergent surgery for acute aortic dissection comparing two heparin management strategies with superiority design. Prior to randomization, patients are stratified according to preoperative organ dysfunction and anticoagulation therapy.

Acute research study design as patients with acute aortic dissection are considered incompetent according to the Danish Research Ethics Committees definition. Deferred consent by the competent patient or her/his proxy (next of kin) and an independent physician) is used. 26 consecutive patients undergoing emergent surgery for acute aortic dissection (Stanford type A) are randomized 1:1 into the following heparin management strategies with an ACT target of 480 seconds:

* Individualised HDR-approach

* Conventional ACT-approach

No interim analysis. A sub-study to compare cost-benefit of both strategies is planned.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
26
Inclusion Criteria
  • Age > 18 years
  • Emergent Acute Aortic Dissection with cardiopulmonary bypass
  • Incapable of providing informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • History of congenital coagulation disorder (haemophilia)
  • Previous open cardiac surgery
  • Death during induction of anaesthesia

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Individualised HDR-approachIndividualized HDR-approachHMS Plus® Hemostasis Management System (Medtronic International, Tolochenaz, CH).
Conventional ACT-approachConventional ACT-approachACT Hemostasis Management
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
F1+2up to 2 days after surgery

Prothrombin fragment 1+2 (pmol/L)

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
PCC24 hours after surgery

Administration of prothrombin complex concentrate (Octaplex) (IU)

Resistanceimmediately after surgery

Heparin resistance

Fibrinogen24 hours after surgery

Administration of fibrinogen concentrate (mg)

Cryoprecipitate Plasma24 hours after surgery

Administration of cryoprecipitate plasma

Recombinant FVIIa24 hours after surgery

Administration of Recombinant FVIIa

Reoperation for bleeding30 days after surgery

Reexploration for bleeding (yes/no)

Stroke30 days after surgery

Stroke (yes/no)

Length of surgery30 days after surgery

minutes

TATup to 2 days after surgery

Thrombin-Antithrombin Complex (ug/L)

Heparin (total)immediately after surgery

Total amount of heparin

Blood cell-saverimmediately after surgery

Volume of blood processed in cell-saver (mL)

Drain output48 hours after surgery

Total mediastinal drain output (ml)

Protocol violationimmediately after surgery

Protocol violation (yes/no)

Length of stay ICU30 days after surgery

days

ETPup to 2 days after surgery

Endogenous Thrombin Potential (nmol/L x min)

Antithrombinup to 2 days after surgery

(kIU/L)

D-dimerup to 2 days after surgery

D-dimer (mg/L)

2. Closure30 days after surgery

Secondary closure

Renal30 days after surgery

Requirement of continuous renal replacement therapy (yes/no)

Length of hospitalization30 days after surgery

Hospitalization (days)

Thrombin timeup to 2 days after surgery

High-dose thrombin time (sec)

Clot lysisup to 2 days after surgery

Clot lysis

Heparin sensitivityprior to surgery

Heparin sensitivity (slope)

Ratioimmediately after surgery

Protamin/heparin ratio

Blood loss spongesimmediately after surgery

Gravimetric estimation of intraoperative blood loss (calculation based on the change between dry and blood-soaked sponges, accounting for irrigation) in mL

Blood tranfusion48 hours after surgery

Tranfusion of blood products (units): Red blood cells, fresh frozen plasma, platelet concentrates

AT concentrate24 hours after surgery

Administration of Antithrombin concentrate (IU)

Protamin (total)immediately after surgery

Total amount of protamin

Mortalityup to 90 days after surgery

All-cause mortality

Myocardial infarction30 days after surgery

Perioperative myocardial infarction (yes/no)

Low cardiac output syndrome30 days after surgery

Low cardiac output syndrome requiring inotropics or mechanical support (yes/no)

Vascular malperfusion30 days after surgery

Visceral og peripheral vascular malperfusion requiring surgical or percutaneous intervention

Intraop. coagulationImmediately after surgery

Clinical signs of coagulation during CPB (yes/no)

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Aarhus University Hospital Skejby

🇩🇰

Aarhus, Denmark

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