Comparison of Maitland Manipulation versus Conventional Shoulder Exercises in Middle Aged Hill Station Taxi Drivers having Periarthritis shoulder - an Experimental study

Frozen shoulder also termed as periarthritis shoulder or  adhesive capsulitis of shoulder, is one of the common cause of  shoulder pain and stiffness in day to day practice. It is a self-limiting condition resolving over 2-3 years. The various treatment options available include simple physiotherapy, intra articular injections. Manipulation under general anaesthesia and surgical intervention. Professional drivers are at high risk of developing musculoskeletal pain (MSP) due to risk factors such as prolonged sitting, whole body vibration, awkward posture, and repetitive actions. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMD)  in physiological illness  may develop over a long period due to prolonged mechanical stresses imposed on the musculoskeletal system. Drivers have the highest prevalence of MSDs, in comparison with other jobs.  Drivers are in fixed  postures for long time  therefore they would suffer from musculoskeletal disorders because of the forces on their joints such as lumbar vertebra, knees, neck, shoulders, wrists, elbows, ankles, and almost all the joints of body. Conventional treatment of periarthritis shoulder – Pendulum exercise, active assisted range of motion-limited symptoms free available range, rope and pulley exercises, various types of mobility exercises, pain relieving modalities- ultrasound  cryotherapy , transcutaneous electrical stimulation, high voltage galvanic stimulation , strengthening exercise. The international Maitland Teachers Association (IMTA) defines the Maitland concept as a process of examination, assessment and treatment of neuro  musculoskeletal disorder by manipulative physiotherapy. Maitland mobilization (MM) is a manual technique commonly used in order to decrease pain and stiffness in the shoulder joint.  Maitland’s rhythmic oscillations’ ability to reduce inflammation.