Glyburide Advantage in Malignant Edema and Stroke - Remedy Pharmaceuticals

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: Ischemic Stroke
Malignant Edema

Interventions: Drug: Placebo
Drug: Glyburide for Injection

Registration Number: NCT01794182

Lead Sponsor: Remedy Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Brief Summary: This is a randomized, multi-center, prospective, double blind study. The primary objective is to assess the efficacy and safety of glyburide (RP-1127) compared to placebo in participants with a severe anterior circulation ischemic stroke who are likely to develop malignant edema.This objective will be addressed by comparing the proportion of glyburide treated particpants and placebo treated participants with a Day 90 modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≤ 4 without decompressive craniectomy (DC). The secondary objective is to assess the efficacy of RP-1127 compared to placebo in participants with a severe anterior circulation ischemic stroke who were likely to develop malignant edema.

Detailed Description: The study population consists of participants with a clinical diagnosis of acute severe anterior circulation ischemic stroke, a baseline diffusion weighted image (DWI) lesion between 82 and 300 cm3, age 18-80 years, and time from symptom onset to start of study infusion of ≤10 hours. The study will enroll both participants that do not receive intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) and those that receive IV rtPA within 4.5 hours of stroke.

Enrollment will be randomized controlling for site, age ≤60 (yes/no), and IV rtPA treatment at baseline (yes/no). Participants will be randomized equally between glyburide and placebo.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 86

Inclusion Criteria

A clinical diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke in the MCA territory (PCA and/or ACA territory involvement in addition to primary MCA territory stroke is acceptable).
Prior to stroke, no disability, or no significant disability despite symptoms (able to carry out all usual duties and activities).
A baseline DWI lesion between 82 and 300 cm3 on MRI.
Patients treated with IV rtPA should meet established criteria for IV rtPA administration in the 0-3 and 3-4.5 hr time periods at the time of rtPA administration (if rtPA is administered in the 3-4.5 hr time window, the NIHSS must be ≤ 25 at the time of rtPA administration).
The time to the start of infusion of Study Drug must be ≤ 10 hours after time of symptom onset, if known, or the time last seen well [termed "time last known at neurologic baseline" (TLK@B)].
Provision of written informed consent by a legally authorized representative according to institutional guidelines and national regulations.

Key

Exclusion Criteria

Commitment to decompressive craniectomy (DC) prior to enrollment, or following enrollment and prior to start of Study Drug.
Treatment with intra-arterial (IA) rtPA or by mechanical means for clot disruption.
Patients unable to tolerate MRI scanning, e.g. those with pacemakers or automatic defibrillators.
Evidence (clinical or imaging) of concurrent infarction in the contralateral hemisphere deemed by the investigator to be sufficiently serious so as to affect functional outcome.
Clinical signs of herniation, e.g. one or two dilated, fixed pupils; unconsciousness (i.e., ≥ 2 on item 1a on the NIHSS); and/or loss of other brain stem reflexes attributable to edema or herniation according to the investigator's judgment.
Hemorrhage (other than small petechial hemorrhages) on CT/MRI, or CT/MRI evidence of anteroseptal/pineal shift greater ≥2 mm prior to enrollment that is due to cerebral edema.
Severe renal disorder from the patient's history (e.g. dialysis) or eGFR of < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2.
Severe liver disease or ALT >3 times normal, or bilirubin >2 times normal.
Blood glucose <55 mg/dL at enrollment or immediately prior to administration of Study Drug, or a clinically significant history of hypoglycemia.
Acute ST elevation myocardial infarction, and/or acute decompensated HF, and/or QTc>520 ms, and/or known history of cardiac arrest (PEA, VT, VF, asystole), and/or admission for an ACS, MI, or coronary intervention (PCI or coronary artery surgery) within the past 3 months.
Known sulfonylurea treatment within 7 days. Sulfonylureas include glyburide /glibenclamide (Diabeta, Glynase); glyburide plus metformin (Glucovance); glimepiride (Amaryl); repaglinide (Prandin); netaglinide (Starlix); glipizide (Glucotrol, GlibeneseR, MinodiabR); gliclazide (DiamicronR); tolbutamide (Orinase, Tolinase); glibornuride (Glutril).
Known allergy to sulfa or specific allergy to sulfonylurea drugs.
Known G6PD enzyme deficiency.
Pregnant women. Women must be either post-menopausal (as confirmed by the LAR), permanently sterilized or, if ≤ 50 years old must have a negative test for pregnancy obtained before enrollment.
Breast-feeding women who do not agree (or their LAR does not agree) to stop breast- feeding during Study Drug infusion and for 7 days following the end of Study Drug infusion.
Patients already enrolled in a non-observation-only stroke study, or with life-expectancy <3 months not related to current stroke, or those unlikely to be compliant with follow up.
Patients currently receiving an investigational drug.
Patients in whom a peripheral IV line cannot be placed.
Mentally incompetent (prior to qualifying stroke) patients and wards of the state.
Patients who, in the opinion of the investigator, are not suitable for the study (reason to be documented).

NOTE: Other protocol defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Matching Placebo	Placebo	Participants received a bolus dose of matching placebo over 2 minutes, followed by a continuous matching placebo infusion for 72 hours.
Glyburide for Injection	Glyburide for Injection	Participants received a 0.13 mg bolus dose of glyburide over 2 minutes, followed by a 0.16 mg/hr continuous infusion for 6 hours and than a 0.11 mg/hr for 66 hours for a total dosing period of 72 hours.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Percentage of Participants with a Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of ≤ 4 Without Decompressive Craniectomy (DC)	Day 90	The mRS scale runs from 0-6, the scoring is as follows: 0 - No symptoms, 1 - No significant disability, 2 - Slight disability, 3 - Moderate disability, 4 - Moderately severe disability, 5 - Severe disability, 6 - Dead
Number of Participants with Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events	Up to 1 Year	An adverse event (AE) is any symptom, sign, illness or experience that develops or worsens in severity during the course of the study. A serious adverse event is any AE that is fatal, life-threatening, requires or prolongs hospital stay, results in persistent or significant disability or incapacity, a congenital anomaly or birth defect, or an important medical event

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change from Baseline in Ipsilateral Hemispheric Swelling	Baseline up to 72-96 Hours	To be assessed using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
Change from Baseline in Lesional Swelling	Baseline up to 72-96 Hours	To be assessed using MRI.
Percentage of Participants Undergoing DC or Dead	Baseline and Day 14

Trial Locations

Locations (17): University of Maryland School of Medicine
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Baltimore, Maryland, United States
UPMC Presbyterian Hospital
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Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
Cleveland Clinic
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Cleveland, Ohio, United States
Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
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Columbus, Ohio, United States
Maine Medical Center
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Scarborough, Maine, United States
University of Arizona Medical Center
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Tucson, Arizona, United States
UMASS Memorial Medical Center
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Worcester, Massachusetts, United States
University of Florida, Jacksonville
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Jacksonville, Florida, United States
Stanford University Medical Center
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Stanford, California, United States
Abington Memorial Hospital
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Abington, Pennsylvania, United States
Northwestern Memorial Hospital
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Chicago, Illinois, United States
Yale University School of Medicine
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New Haven, Connecticut, United States
University of Louisville Hospital
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Louisville, Kentucky, United States
Massachusetts General Hospital
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Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Oregon Health & Science University Hospital
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Portland, Oregon, United States
Medical University of South Carolina
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Charleston, South Carolina, United States
University of Utah Healthcare
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Salt Lake City, Utah, United States