Substance Use and Eating Disorders : Food Craving and Addiction Transfer
- Conditions
- Eating DisordersSubstance Use Disorders
- Interventions
- Other: Questionnaire
- Registration Number
- NCT05315635
- Lead Sponsor
- Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Bordeaux
- Brief Summary
Substance Use Disorder (SUD) and Eating Disorders (ED) are severe and persistent disturbances that are associated with significant harm. These two disorders have many clinical similarities, including craving and behavioral loss of control. Recently, craving for food has been described in newly abstinent patients with SUD. the aim of the study is to verify the hypothesis of addiction transfer based on common neurobiological mechanisms between substance craving and food craving, that postulates that food craving would correspond to an attempt to regulate substance craving (or vice versa).
- Detailed Description
The knowledge of existence of common addictive, neurobiological and clinical processes between substance use disorders and eating disorders has been a promising approach for a better understanding of the factors involved in the emergence and maintenance of these disorders. Several studies have shown that increased palatable food with high sugar or fat content causes brain neurochemistry changes similar to those observed after use of addictive drugs. Clinical and behavioral similarities concerning craving, loss of control and use as a coping strategy have also been highlighted. Craving is considered as a clinical marker of addiction and a potent predictor of relapse vulnerability. In substance addiction, the link between craving, use and relapse has been previously demonstrated in experimental and daily life studies. The main objective of this study is to examine the hypothesis of addiction transfer between Substance Use Disorders and Eating Disorders, according to which food craving for palatable foods would correspond to an attempt to regulate substance craving or vice versa. One assumption is that food intake could be used to alleviate craving for substances in patients hospitalized for substance use disorder. The secondary objective is to explore psychopathological, addictive, and medical similarities between substance use disorder and eating disorder participants. Included patients (group 1: substance use disorder participants and group 2: eating disorder) will be asked to answer different self-questionnaires, as well as a clinical psychiatric (MINI) and cognitive (MoCA) assessment.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 294
- DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder/behavioral addiction (gambling) or an eating disorder (Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa or Hyperphagia access).
- Begin treatment in addiction complex care unit, located in inter-hospital unit Charles Perrens Hospital and Bordeaux University Hospital
- Non-opposition formulated
- Severely impaired physical and/or mental health that, according to the investigator, may affect the participant's compliance with the study and understanding of assessment tools
- Trouble in understanding/writing French
- Hospitalization for less than 3-weeks for patients with substance use disorders or behavioral addiction (gambling)
- Individuals participating in another study that includes an ongoing exclusion period.
- Be under guardianship
- Pregnant and/or lactating woman
Study & Design
- Study Type
- OBSERVATIONAL
- Study Design
- Not specified
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Epidemiology Questionnaire Inpatients who initiate treatment for a substance use disorder (SUD) will have to complete self-questionnaires, a clinical psychiatric assessment (MINI) and a cognitive assessment (MoCA). These participants will be assessed at admission in addiction unit and at discharge, 3 weeks after withdrawal. Outpatients who begin treatment for an eating disorder (ED) will have to complete self-questionnaires and a clinical psychiatric assessment (MINI) at the beginning of the outpatient treatment program
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Craving for food At the inclusion Measurement of food craving by Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait-Reduced (FCQ-Tr) - from NEVER to ALLWAYS / higher scores mean a worse or better outcome, depending of the question
Craving for substance At week-3 Measurement of craving for substances by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) - from 0 (no desire at all) to 10 (very much in demand) / higher scores mean a worse outcome
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Identify common determinants of food craving in patients suffering from ED & SUD - Emotional characteristics At inclusion Trait Meta-Mood Scale from NOT AT ALL AGREE to TOTALLY AGREE / higher scores mean a worse or better outcome, depending of the question
Identify Medical characteristics : of food craving in patients suffering from ED - Medical characteristics : At inclusion BMI in kg/m²
Identify addictive characteristics of substances craving in patients suffering from SUD At week-3 At inclusion and at week-3 Impulsive Behavior Scale 4-point Likert scale: 1 (Agree Strongly), 2 (Agree Some), 3 (Disagree Some), and 4 (Disagree Strongly)
Identify common determinants of food craving in patients suffering from ED At inclusion Questionnaires for Addictive characteristics : Modified Yale Food Addiction
Identify common determinants of food craving in patients suffering from ED & SUD - Addictive characteristics : At inclusion Impulsive Behavior Scale 4-point Likert scale: 1 (Agree Strongly), 2 (Agree Some), 3 (Disagree Some), and 4 (Disagree Strongly)
Identify Medical characteristics : of food craving in patients suffering from SUD At inclusion and at week-3 BMI in kg/m²
Identify common determinants of food craving in patients suffering from ED & SUD - Psychopathological and cognitive characteristics At inclusion Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire, from NEVER to EVERY DAY / higher scores mean a worse or better outcome, depending of the question
Identify cognitive characteristics of food craving in patients suffering from SUD At inclusion and at week-3 Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (21 self-rated items are combined to form seven "component scores", each of which has a range of 0-3 points. In all cases, a score of "0" indicates no difficulty, while a score of "3" indicates severe difficulty. The seven component scores are then added to yield one "global" score, with a range of 0-21 points, "0" indicating no difficulty and "21" indicating severe difficulties in all areas.) Montreal Cognitive Assessment (30-question test - score of 25 and under is considered at-risk of dementia)
Identify emotional characteristics of substances craving in patients suffering from SUD At week-3 Trait Meta-Mood Scale, from NOT AT ALL AGREE to TOTALLY AGREE / higher scores mean a worse or better outcome, depending of the question
Identify cognitive characteristics of food craving in patients suffering from ED At inclusion Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (21 self-rated items are combined to form seven "component scores", each of which has a range of 0-3 points. In all cases, a score of "0" indicates no difficulty, while a score of "3" indicates severe difficulty. The seven component scores are then added to yield one "global" score, with a range of 0-21 points, "0" indicating no difficulty and "21" indicating severe difficulties in all areas.) Montreal Cognitive Assessment (30-question test - score of 25 and under is considered at-risk of dementia)
Identify psychopathological characteristics of substances craving in patients suffering from SUD At week-3 Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire, from NEVER to EVERY DAY / higher scores mean a worse or better outcome, depending of the question
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux
🇫🇷Bordeaux, Gironde, France