A Study Investigating the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Elamipretide Topical Ophthalmic Solution for the Treatment of Fuchs' Corneal Endothelial Dystrophy (FCED)

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Fuchs' Corneal Endothelial Dystrophy (FCED)

Interventions: Drug: Part A Placebo
Drug: Part B Elamipretide 3.0% Ophthalmic Solution
Drug: Part B Placebo
Drug: Part A Elamipretide 1.0% Ophthalmic Solution

Registration Number: NCT02653391

Lead Sponsor: Stealth BioTherapeutics Inc.

Brief Summary: This is a Phase 1/2 prospective, randomized, double-masked, and vehicle-controlled trial in two parts to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of elamipretide topical ophthalmic solution in patients with Fuchs' Corneal Endothelial Dystrophy (FCED) presenting with mild to moderate corneal edema.

Detailed Description: This is a Phase 1/2 trial in two parts. Part A is a prospective, randomized, double-masked, vehicle controlled, paired-eye study in approximately 16 subjects to evaluate safety, tolerability and efficacy of elamipretide 1.0% topical ophthalmic solution in patients with Fuchs' Corneal Endothelial Dystrophy (FCED) presenting with mild to moderate corneal edema. Part B is a prospective, randomized double-masked, vehicle controlled study in approximately 11 subjects to evaluate safety, tolerability, and efficacy of elamipretide 3.0% topical ophthalmic solution in patients with FCED presenting with mild to moderate corneal edema.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 22

Inclusion Criteria

Adults ≥18 years old at the time of Screening Visit
Diagnosis of FCED OU (both eyes) based on clinical and ophthalmic test findings
Clinical evidence of corneal edema OU diagnosed with FCED, including one or more of the following signs: corneal epithelial microcysts, corneal epithelial bullae, stromal folds, or stromal haze
Central corneal thickness of 550 μm to 700 μm (inclusive) in at least one eye diagnosed with FCED, as measured by ultrasonic pachymetry at the time of Screening Visit and Baseline Visit
Best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/25 to 20/320 (inclusive) at the time of Screening Visit and Baseline Visit OU
Women of childbearing potential must agree to use birth control as specified in the protocol from the date they sign the informed consent form (ICF) until after the last study
Able to give informed consent and willing to comply with all study visits and examinations
Part B only: The presence of central endothelium, as determined by the investigator, with an area of contiguous endothelial cells within 1 mm of the central cornea as measured by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) or specular microscopy at the time of Screening Visit

Exclusion Criteria

Corneal findings of any type (including, but not limited to, stromal haze or stromal scarring), in either eye, that, based on investigator's assessment, limit the probability of visual improvement after corneal deturgescence
Any ocular pathology requiring treatment with topical ophthalmic drops, with the exception of glaucoma or ocular hypertension
Use of topical hypertonic saline drops for 3 days prior to Screening and throughout the duration of the study
History of corneal disease (other than FCED) or corneal surgery in either eye
Current use or likely need for the use of contact lens at any time during the study
History of previous corneal or anterior segment surgery such as LASIK, photorefractive keratectomy, endothelial keratoplasty, penetrating keratoplasty cataract surgery or glaucoma surgery.
Any disease or medical condition that in the opinion of the investigator would prevent the subject from participating in the study or might confound study results
Participation in other investigational drug or device clinical trials within 30 days prior to enrollment, or planning to participate in any other investigational drug or device clinical trials within 30 days of study completion
Women who are pregnant or lactating
Part B only: Participation in Part A of SPIFD-101

Other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Placebo A	Part A Placebo	Part A: Each subject will receive one drop of vehicle solution BID in the paired eye of the randomly selected study eye (Cohort 1).
Elamipretide 3.0% Ophthalmic Solution Part B (Cohort 2)	Part B Elamipretide 3.0% Ophthalmic Solution	Part B Each subject will receive one drop of elamipretide 3.0% ophthalmic solution BID in both the right and left study eyes (Cohort 2).
Part B Placebo	Part B Placebo	Part B Each subject will receive one drop of vehicle solution BID in both the right and left study eyes (Cohort 2).
Elamipretide 1.0% Ophthalmic Solution Part A (Cohort 1)	Part A Elamipretide 1.0% Ophthalmic Solution	Part A Each subject will receive one drop of elamipretide 1.0% ophthalmic solution BID in the randomly selected study eye (Cohort 1).

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Incidence and Severity of Ocular TEAEs.	Screening Visit, Baseline (Day 1), Week 1, Week 4, Week 8, Week 12, and Week 16	The incidence and severity of ocular treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs)
The Incidence and Severity of Systemic Adverse Events	Screening Visit, Baseline (Day 1), Week 1, Week 4, Week 8, Week 12, and Week 16	The incidence and severity of systemic treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs)
Change From Baseline in Findings From Slit Lamp Examinations (SLE) Part A	Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Week 8, Week 12, and Week 16	Number of participants who had a change from baseline from normal or abnormal not clinically significant, to abnormal clinically significant (CS) findings for slit lamp examinations (SLE) for Part A. Part B is reported as separate outcome since unit of measure is number of eyes.
Change From Baseline in Findings From Slit Lamp Examinations (SLE) Part B	Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Week 8, Week 12, and Week 16	Number of eyes with a change from baseline from normal or abnormal not clinically significant, to abnormal clinically significant (CS) findings for slit lamp examinations (SLE) for Part B. Part A is reported as separate outcome.
Change From Baseline in Intraocular Pressure (IOP) for Part A	Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Week 8, Week 12	Change from Baseline in intraocular pressure (IOP) using Goldmann applanation tonometry for Part A
Change From Baseline in Intraocular Pressure (IOP) for Part B	Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Week 8, Week 12 , and Week 16 or early discontinuation visit	Change from Baseline in intraocular pressure (IOP) using Goldmann applanation tonometry for Part B. Part A is reported separately.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change From Baseline in Central Corneal Thickness by Visit Part A as Measured by Pachymetry for Part A	Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Week 8, Week 12, and Week 16	Change from Baseline in Central Corneal Thickness by Visit as measured by Pachymetry for Part A. Part B is reported as a separate outcome measure.
Central Corneal Thickness Part B	Baseline (Day 1), Week 1, Week 4, Week 8, Week 12, and Week 16, or Early discontinuation visit	Central Corneal Thickness: by-subject data as measured by Pachymetry and Pentacam. Part A is reported as a separate outcome measure.
Change From Baseline Endothelial Cell Hexagonality in Percentage Over All 12 Weeks for Part A	Baseline, Week 1, 4, 8, and 12	Change From Baseline in Endothelial Cell Hexagonality in Percentage Over All 12 Weeks for Part A. Specular microscopy is a noninvasive photographic technique that allows visualization and analyzation the corneal endothelium. Using computer-assisted morphometry, specular microscopes analyzes the size, shape and population of the endothelial cells. Histologically, healthy corneal cells initially have a hexagonal shape. As endothelial cells die, neighboring cells enlarge to cover the empty space once occupied by the cell. This, in turn, causes the remaining cells to lose their hexagonal shape. Assessments were performed using the flex center and full auto methods for Part A and data from the flex center method was summarized. The flex center method was used for Part B. The percent of Part B is entered as a separate outcome measure. A decrease from baseline in % cell hexagonality means worse outcome, a increase from baseline means better outcome.
Corneal Endothelial Cell Hexagonality Part B	Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Week 8, Week 12, and Week 16 or early discontinuation visit	Corneal Endothelial Cell Hexagonality in Percentage by-subject data: Part B. Data was only listed in weeks where images were good enough quality to quantify. Specular microscopy is a noninvasive photographic technique that allows visualization and analyzation the corneal endothelium. Using computer-assisted morphometry, specular microscopes analyzes the size, shape and population of the endothelial cells. Histologically, healthy corneal cells initially have a hexagonal shape. As endothelial cells die, neighboring cells enlarge to cover the empty space once occupied by the cell. This, in turn, causes the remaining cells to lose their hexagonal shape. The flex center method was used for Part B. A decrease in percent of cell hexagonality from baseline means worse outcome, an increase from baseline means better outcome.
Change From Baseline in Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) Using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) Scale for Part A.	Baseline, Weeks 1, 4, 8, 12, and 16	Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using the using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) scale by visit. ETDRS charts present a series of five letters of equal difficulty on each row, with standardized spacing between letters and rows; there is a total of 14 lines (70 letters), with letter size increasing further geometrically and equivalently in every line by a factor of 1.2589 (or 0.1 log unit), moving up the chart. Minimum score of zero, maximum score of 100. Change from baseline: a more negative score is worse outcome, a more positive score is better outcome. A lower score means less letters were read correctly (worse outcome) and a higher score means more letters were read correctly (better outcome). Part B was listed separately.
Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) Score Using ETDRS Scale for Part B	Baseline, Weeks 1, 4, 8, 12, and 16	Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using the using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) scale by visit. ETDRS charts present a series of five letters of equal difficulty on each row, with standardized spacing between letters and rows; there is a total of 14 lines (70 letters), with letter size increasing further geometrically and equivalently in every line by a factor of 1.2589 (or 0.1 log unit), moving up the chart. Minimum score of zero, maximum score of 100. Change from baseline: a more negative score is worse outcome, a more positive score is better outcome. A lower score means less letters were read correctly (worse outcome) and a higher score means more letters were read correctly (better outcome).
Change From Baseline in Endothelial Cell Density Over All 12 Weeks for Part A	Baseline, Weeks 1, 4, 8, and 12	Change From Baseline in Endothelial Cell Counts, or density (Counts/mm\^2) over all 12 weeks for Part A. Part B is entered as a separate outcome measure.
Corneal Endothelial Cell Density Part B	Baseline, Weeks 1, 4, 8, 12, and 16.	Corneal Endothelial Cell Density: Part B, By-subject data for all time points where images were readable. For all time points where there were "Poor Quality Images" or "too few cells to register", there were no data available, and these were not listed below.
Change From Baseline in Endothelial Cell Coefficient of Variation Over All 12 Weeks for Part A	Baseline, Week 12	Change From Baseline in Endothelial Cell Coefficient of Variation Over All 12 Weeks. Coefficient of variation (CV) is Standard deviation (SD) of cell area divided by the mean cell area of endothelial cell analyzed. CV represents the coefficient, or degree, of variation in the sizes of the endothelial cells (polymegethism). By measuring the variation in size between endothelial cells, the system can measure how much cell loss is occurring. The more variation, the worse the outcome. Part B is is entered as a separate outcome measure.
Coefficient of Variation (CoV) Part B	Baseline, Weeks 1, 4, 8,12, and 16	Part B, By-subject data for all time points where images were readable. For all time points where there were "Poor Quality Images" or "too few cells to register" there were no data available. CoV represents the coefficient, or degree, of variation in the sizes of the endothelial cells. By measuring the variation in size between endothelial cells, the system can measure how much cell loss is occurring. A CoV less than 40 is normal.
Change From Baseline in Corneal Area Affected by Microcysts for Part A	Baseline, Weeks 1, 4, 8, 12, and 16	Change from Baseline in corneal area affected by microcysts by visit for Part A.
Corneal Area Affected by Microcysts: Part B	Baseline, Weeks 1, 4, 8, 12, and 16, or early discontinuation visit	Corneal area affected by microcysts: by-subject data for Part B. No microcysts were present for any timepoints.
Change From Baseline in Corneal Bullae for Part A.	Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Week 8, Week 12, Week 16	Count of participants in number, size and location of bullae by treatment. Part B is listed separately.
Corneal Bullae: Part B	Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Week 8, Week 12, Week 16, or early discontinuation visit	Number, size and location of Corneal bullae: By-subject data: Part B.
Change From Baseline in Severity of Corneal Stromal Folds for Part A	Baseline, Weeks 1, 4, 8, 12, and 16	Change from baseline in severity of corneal stromal folds by visit. Descriptive assessment made by Investigator; severity is not assessed using a scale.
Severity of Corneal Stromal Folds:Part B	Baseline, Week 1, 4, 8, 12, and 16, or early discontinuation visit	Severity of corneal stromal folds by-subject data by visit. Descriptive assessment made by Investigator in the following categories: Not present, trace, mild.
Change From Baseline in Contrast Sensitivity (Log Score) for Part A	Baseline, Week 1, 4, 8, 12 weeks	Change from Baseline in contrast sensitivity over all 12 weeks log score at 3, 6, 12, 18 cycles per degree (cpd) using Vector Vision's CSV-1000E. Standard tables for the VectorVision's CSV-1000E model were used to convert linear results to the log values. Lower log scores equals lower contrast sensitivity and worse outcome. Higher log scores mean higher contrast sensitivity and better outcome. For 3cpd, range is 0.7-2.08; 6 cpd: 0.91-2.29; 12 cpd: 0.61-1.99; 18cpd: 0.17-1.55, unless no gratings were visible. If no gratings were visible, .3 log was subtracted from the lowest score for 3, 6, and 12cpd. For 18cpd .01 log was used, or essentially 100% contrast.
Contrast Sensitivity for Part B; By-subject Data	Baseline, Week 1, Week 4, Week 8, Week 12, Week 16, or early discontinuation visit	Contrast Sensitivity log score at 3, 6, 12, 18 cycles per degree (cpd) using Vector Vision's CSV-1000E by-subject data, Part B. Part A is listed separately. Standard tables for the VectorVision's CSV-1000E model were used to convert linear results to the log values. Lower log scores equals lower contrast sensitivity and worse outcome. Higher log scores mean higher contrast sensitivity and better outcome. For 3cpd, range is 0.7-2.08; 6 cpd: 0.91-2.29; 12 cpd: 0.61-1.99; 18cpd: 0.17-1.55, unless no gratings were visible. If no gratings were visible, .3 log was subtracted from the lowest score for 3, 6, and 12cpd. For 18cpd .01 log was used, or essentially 100% contrast.

Trial Locations

Locations (2): Ophthalmic Consultants of Boston
🇺🇸
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Cincinnati Eye Institute
🇺🇸
Edgewood, Kentucky, United States