Beetroot Juice Resistance Training Older Adults

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Sarcopenia; Old Age; Atrophy
• Interventions: Dietary Supplement: Control; Dietary Supplement: BRJ+Nitrate

• Registration Number: NCT05460351
• Lead Sponsor: Wake Forest University

Brief Summary

The present study compared the effects of a nitrate containing beetroot juice supplement (BRJ+Nitrate) vs. a placebo (Control) on total and regional fat free mass, quadriceps muscle strength, lower body mobility, and VO2peak in healthy, older adults undergoing a 10-week long progressive resistance training program with protein supplementation.

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2014-02
• Primary Completion: 2014-12
• Study Completion: 2015-05
• Status Verified: 2022-07
• Study First Submitted: 2022-07-04
• Study First Submitted QC: 2022-07-12
• Last Update Submitted: 2022-07-12
• Study First Posted: 2022-07-15
• Last Update Posted: 2022-07-15

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 24

Inclusion Criteria

• Able to provide own transportation to study testing visits and intervention
• Able to read and write in English
• Nondiabetic, i.e. fasting glucose < 126 mg/dl
• Sedentary (less than 60 minutes of moderate intensity structured physical activity each week and occurs in no more than 10 minute blocks and not participating in a resistance exercise training program)
• Willingness to provide informed consent and participate in intervention. Participants with diagnosed depression were permitted to participate provided that they have been medically stable without medication change for at least 3 months.

Exclusion Criteria

• Smoking or use of chewing tobacco
• Involved in another intervention research study
• Diabetic (type 1 or 2)
• Atrophic gastritis
• Hypo- or hyperthyroidism
• Gout or history of kidney stones
• History of hypotension
• Premenopausal (women)
• Aversion to study-related testing procedures
• Allergy/sensitivity/aversion to beetroot beverages or protein supplement
• Medical conditions with contraindications for engaging in resistance training program or taking the protein supplement
• Systemic, uncontrolled diseases (diabetes, recent (last 6 months) or current treatment of cancer, thyroid disorders, cardiovascular disease, COPD, or inflammatory bowel diseases)
• Use of any of the following medications: phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, nitroglycerin or nitrate preparations, proton pump inhibitors, or medications for hypothyroidism
• Potential inability to complete the tasks required for the protocol as well as conditions that may interfere with interpretation of results including: inability to ambulate, severe congestive heart failure or severe cardiovascular disease, neoplasm for practical and neurophysiologic reasons
• Individuals with contraindications for performing a graded exercise test or have medical contraindications for participating in a scheduled exercise training program
• Individuals more than 300 pounds or less than 125 pounds due to DEXA weight limits and possibility of exceeding recommended daily nitrate dose of 7 mg/kg body weight, respectively.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Control	Control	This arm underwent a 3 days a week, 10 weeks of resistance exercise training program and consumed for a 70 mL bottle of beetroot juice containing 0 mg of nitrate plus a 15 dose of whey protein after each exercise session.
BRJ+Nitrate	BRJ+Nitrate	This arm underwent a 3 days a week, 10 weeks of resistance exercise training program and consumed for a 70 mL bottle of beetroot juice containing 380 mg of nitrate plus a 15 dose of whey protein after each exercise session.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Whole body fat free mass	Collected at 10-weeks	mass of fat free tissue
Whole body fat mass	Collected at 10-weeks	Mass of fat tissue
Thigh muscle	Collected at 10-weeks	Volume of thigh muscle
Thigh intermuscular fat	Collected at 10-weeks	Volume of fat in the thigh muscle
Thigh subcutaneous fat	Collected at 10-weeks	Volume of subcutaneous fat in the thigh
Visceral fat	Collected at 10-weeks	Volume of visceral fat
Muscle strength	Collected at 10-weeks	Strength of quadriceps muscle at a speed of 60 degrees per second
400 meter walk	Collected at 10-weeks	Time to walk 400 meters
Stair climb time	Collected at 10-weeks	Time to ascend and descend 12 stairs
Peak oxygen consumption	Collected at baseline	Peak oxygen consumed at maximal exercise during graded exercise testing