The Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Pain, Nausea, Vomiting, and Quality of Recovery in Patients After Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 72
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Primary Outcome Measure (postoperative pain intensity)
研究概览
简要总结
This study is designed to evaluate the effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on pain, nausea, vomiting, and quality of recovery in patients undergoing Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS). This prospective, randomized controlled trial, designed as a two-group study, will be conducted at the Department of Urology, Yozgat Bozok University Health Practice and Research Center between September 2025 and September 2026. A total of 72 patients who underwent RIRC and met the inclusion criteria will be included in the study. Participants will be randomly divided into two groups: an intervention group receiving TENS (n=36) and a control group without TENS (n=36). Pain levels, frequency of nausea and vomiting, and quality of recovery in both groups will be compared within the first 24 hours postoperatively. This study is expected to provide evidence-based data on the effectiveness of TENS, a non-pharmacological method, in symptom management after RIRS.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 70 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Participants who have undergone RIRS will be included in our study. Eligibility criteria include being between 18 and 70 years of age,
- •Participants having an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification of I or II,
- •Participants must have sufficient cognitive function and language skills to proceed with the study.
排除标准
- •Exclusion criteria include the presence of a painful condition (e.g., inflammatory rheumatic disease, lumbar muscle degeneration, lumbar disc protrusion with back pain, acute or chronic nephritis, and pyelonephritis),
- •Major organ system disease,
- •Participants with pacemakers,
- •Participants using analgesic medications or those with a history of significant drug abuse,
- •Those with uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes or malignancies, a history of epilepsy, pregnancy, and breastfeeding,
- •Participants in other clinical trials will also be excluded (Mora et al., 2007; Tu et al., 2019).
研究组 & 干预措施
TENS group
Intervention Arm (TENS Group): Participants in this arm will receive Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) in addition to standard postoperative care following Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS). TENS will be applied using surface electrodes placed on the appropriate dermatomal areas related to the surgical site. The stimulation parameters (frequency, intensity, and duration) will be standardized for all participants and administered within the first 24 hours postoperatively. The intervention aims to reduce postoperative pain, as well as the frequency of nausea and vomiting, and to improve overall quality of recovery.
干预措施: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (Device)
Control Arm
Control Arm (Standard Care Group): Participants in this arm will receive standard postoperative care only, without any TENS application. Standard care will include routine monitoring, prescribed analgesic and antiemetic medications as needed, mobilization, and nursing care according to institutional protocols. Outcomes related to pain, nausea, vomiting, and quality of recovery will be assessed at the same time points as in the intervention arm to allow for valid comparison between groups.
结局指标
主要结局
Primary Outcome Measure (postoperative pain intensity)
时间窗: 0-24 hours postoperatively
The primary outcome of this study is the intensity of postoperative pain within the first 24 hours following retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS). Pain level will be assessed using the validated and reliable Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Scale Description: Scale name: Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Minimum value: 0 (no pain) Maximum value: 10 (unbearable pain) Higher score: Indicates a worse clinical outcome Unit of Measure: Scale total score
次要结局
- Quality of recovery(24 hours postoperatively)
- Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) Intensity Scale(0-24 hours postoperatively)
研究者
Ozlem Sahin Akboga
Asist. Prof.
Bozok University