Developmental profile in children with congenital heart diseases

This study focuses on assessing developmental patterns in children aged 2 to10 years diagnosed with congenital heart disease CHD affecting about 1 in 100 live births worldwide is one of the most common congenital abnormalities but its prevalence and developmental profile in the Indian population remain underexplored Common defects include ventricular septal defects, atrial septal defects transposition of great vessels patent ductus arteriosus and tetralogy of Fallot which are classified as cyanotic or acyanotic While the exact cause is often unknown contributing factors may include genetic syndromes single-gene defects and environmental influences such as maternal diabetes infections and drug exposure Advances in medical and surgical care have improved survival yet up to 75 percentage of these children experience developmental delays in motor cognitive and socio-emotional domains due to impaired cerebral oxygenation surgical factors and other associated risks This cross-sectional observational study will recruit 40 children through purposive sampling using parent interviews medical record reviews and a detailed developmental milestone checklist Data will be analyzed with descriptive statistics normality testing and Pearsons correlation The studys novelty lies in its focus on both gross and fine motor trajectories while considering demographic and medical history factors in the Indian context Expected outcomes include identifying prevalence and patterns of delay facilitating early screening guiding parental counseling and designing targeted interventions to improve long-term outcomes Ethical approval has been obtained and participation is voluntary confidential and involves minimal risk