The Effect of Breast Milk Odor Applied Before First Oral Feeding on Feeding Performance in Preterm Infants
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 60
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- The feeding duration (Feeding performance)
研究概览
简要总结
This study was conducted as a randomized controlled experiment to assess the impact of breast milk odor, applied before the first oral feeding of preterm infants transitioning to oral feeding, on their feeding performance. Infants in the neonatal intensive care unit who were beginning oral feeding were randomly assigned to one of two groups through computer randomization. In the "pacifier" group, infants were given a pacifier for 3 minutes one hour before feeding and again for 2 minutes 10 minutes before feeding to support oral feeding. In contrast, the "breast milk odor and pacifier" group received 2 cc of breast milk, which was dripped onto a sterile sponge and placed about 3 cm from the infant's nose one hour before feeding. At feeding time, all infants in both groups were bottle-fed by the researcher. This marked their first experience with oral feeding. The infants' feeding skills and performance were then evaluated using the Early Feeding Skills (EFS) form during the feeding session.
详细描述
Detailed Description:
Recent research has indicated that olfactory stimulation can serve as an effective nonpharmacological method for enhancing feeding outcomes. Using breast milk for olfactory stimulation is both a cost-efficient and noninvasive approach that may speed up the process of oral feeding and lead to better feeding results. This study aimed to assess the impact of breast milk odor, applied before the first oral feeding of preterm infants transitioning to oral feeding, on their feeding performance. The sample size was calculated using power analysis, based on data from similar studies. As per the analysis, the study intended to include a total of 50 preterm infants, with at least 25 infants in each group. Following verbal and written consent from the families of eligible infants, the study proceeded with those mothers and infants who agreed to participate.
Before Feeding A pulse oximeter was attached to the feet of all infants to monitor their heart rate and oxygen saturation levels. The researcher filled out the "Preterm Infant Identification Form." Nurses caring for the infants included in the study were briefed, and care was provided for 60 minutes before feeding and 10 minutes after feeding to ensure the babies could rest. No painful or stressful procedures were conducted during this period. All interventions were carried out by the researcher in a quiet and calm environment within the incubator to minimize the impact of external factors. Sixty minutes before feeding, all infants were positioned in a semi-elevated side-lying position.
Pacifier Group: To support oral feeding, a pacifier was provided for 3 minutes one hour before feeding time and again for 2 minutes 10 minutes before feeding. Heart rate and oxygen saturation levels were recorded 10 minutes before feeding.
Breast Milk Scent and Pacifier Group: Similar to the pacifier group, infants in this group received a pacifier for 3 minutes one hour before feeding and for 2 minutes 10 minutes before feeding. Additionally, 2 cc of breast milk was dripped onto a sterile sponge and placed inside the incubator, approximately 3 cm from the infant's nose. Heart rate and oxygen saturation levels were also recorded 10 minutes before feeding.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Supportive Care
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 26 Weeks 至 30 Weeks（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •parents must give voluntary consent to participate; the infant must have been born between 26 and 34 weeks of gestation, as determined by the mother's last menstrual period; at the time of the study, the infant must be more than 30 weeks postmenstrual; the infant must be transitioning from enteral to oral feeding for the first time; the infant must be free of health issues other than prematurity; the infant must be fed with the mother's milk; the physician must have approved the infant's readiness for oral feeding; the infant must exhibit physiological and behavioral signs that indicate readiness for oral feeding.
排除标准
- •severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia; any gastrointestinal, neurological, or genetic disorder (such as necrotizing enterocolitis, intracranial hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, omphalocele, Down syndrome, gastroschisis); any condition that could interfere with oral feeding (such as cleft palate, cleft lip, facial muscle paralysis, craniofacial anomaly).
结局指标
主要结局
The feeding duration (Feeding performance)
时间窗: immediately after feeding
The infant's feeding performance was assessed by calculating the feeding duration. To measure feeding time, a stopwatch on a phone was activated at the start of feeding and stopped once feeding concluded.
Feeding performance
时间窗: immediately after feeding
The infant's feeding performance was assessed by calculating the amount of food consumed per minute. The total amount of food the infant consumed (in cc) was then compared to the amount prescribed by the doctor.
Early Feeding Skills
时间窗: during feeding up to 1 hour
An observer nurse, who was not part of the research team, evaluated the infant's feeding skills using the Early Feeding Skills (EFS) Evaluation Form.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Canan Genç
Research Assistant
Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa