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Bone Mineral Density Changes Under Two Tibial Components in Total Knee Arthroplasty

Phase 4
Completed
Conditions
Unilateral Primary Osteoarthritis of Knee
Interventions
Device: Total knee arthroplasty
Registration Number
NCT01764984
Lead Sponsor
CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval
Brief Summary

Osteoarthritis is a progressive disease afflicting to two thirds of Americans. Today, an estimated 43 million individuals have arthritis. By 2020, more than 59.4 million Americans will be affected by the disease. Despite the relative good track record of total knee replacement, it remains a biomedical device that can fail over time. A recent study looking at the current mechanisms of total knee replacement failures, listed polyethylene wear and osteolysis around implants. The material used for polyethylene insert as well as the conformity of articular surface of implants has been modified to decrease wear. While introducing modularity, the usage of metal backing in tibial base plates became obvious as it offered better stress distribution to the proximal tibial bone. However, it introduced other modes of failures. Micromotion has been demonstrated between the metal backing and the tibial liner, and produced backside polyethylene wear in 44% of implants at retrieval for revision. Factor influencing the surgeon's choice of implant include: reproductibility and longevity of results, technical difficulty of implantation, cost, and impact on bone stock. The modulus of elasticity of the tibial base plate has a direct effect on periprosthetic bone biology. Studies have described a significant decrease in postoperative Bone mineral density (BMD), adjacent to the implants, after total knee replacement. No study, to our knowledge, has looked at BMD in vivo after total knee replacement comparing different tibial base plate designs. Direct effect of changes in design on overall implant survival can be studied with randomized clinical trials isolating specific variables. No randomized clinical trial has looked at tibial insert stiffness and modularity, and it effect on bone density changes, synovitis, osteolysis or survivorship. In order to isolate stiffness and modularity as study variables, one would aim at randomizing an homogenous patient population undergoing total knee arthroplasty with implants of similar articular geometry designs with different tibial insert modularity and stiffness.

Detailed Description

Number of patients: 80 Ages: 55 - 75 years old Sex: male and female Race: all

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
65
Inclusion Criteria
  • Tri-compartmental knee arthrosis
  • 55 to 75 years of age
  • Stable health condition
Exclusion Criteria
  • Inflammatory arthritis
  • Osteonecrosis
  • Infection
  • Amputation (AK or BK)
  • Biphosphonates
  • Metal in the proximal tibia (25cm)
  • History of fracture or osteotomy
  • Ligament instability

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Trabecular metalTotal knee arthroplastyPrimary Total Knee Arthroplasty is performed with a non cemented trabecular metal tibial baseplate.
TitaniumTotal knee arthroplastyPrimary total knee arthroplasty is performed with cemented titanium traditional tibial base plate
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Change in Bone Mineral Density (%) from baseline initial valuepost-operative 7 to 10 days, 6,12,24 months

Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan under tibial base plate implant after Total knee arthroplasty.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Western Ontario & McMAster University Osteoarthritis sCore (WOMAC)change in time.Pre-operative, 6,12,24,60 months

Standardized clinical evaluation instrument specific to Total knee arthroplasty population.

number of study subject with implant loosening12, 24, 60 months

Radiological evaluation of implant loosening according to Radiographic Knee Society Score at follow-up after total knee arthroplasty.

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) change in time.pre-operative, 6,12,24,60 months

Standardized clinical outcome instruments specific to total knee arthroplasty population.

SF-36 scorePre-operative, 12,24,60 months

Standardized General health evaluation and quality of life measuring instrument.

Trial Locations

Locations (3)

Hôpital Maisonneuve Rosemont

🇨🇦

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Hopital du Sacre-Coeur

🇨🇦

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec

🇨🇦

Quebec city, Quebec, Canada

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