Goserelin and Letrozole or Anastrozole in Premenopausal Patients With Stage II-III Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer

Phase 2

Terminated

Conditions: Estrogen Receptor-positive Breast Cancer
Stage II Breast Cancer
Stage IIIC Breast Cancer
Stage IIIB Breast Cancer
HER2-negative Breast Cancer
Stage IIIA Breast Cancer

Interventions: Drug: goserelin acetate
Drug: letrozole
Drug: anastrozole
Procedure: Surgery
Drug: chemotherapy

Registration Number: NCT01368263

Lead Sponsor: Washington University School of Medicine

Brief Summary: This phase II trial studies the impact of a presurgical endocrine therapy, consisting of goserelin with letrozole or anastrozole on the treatment of premenopausal patients with stage II-III estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer. Endocrine therapy reduces the amount of estrogen in the body. E+ breast cancer require estrogen, so lower levels of estrogen may slow or stop cell growth. Giving goserelin together with letrozole or anastrozole before surgery may enhance the effectiveness of, or eliminate the need for, chemotherapy

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: TERMINATED

Sex: Female

Target Recruitment: 8

Inclusion Criteria

Patient must have histological or cytological confirmed invasive breast cancer
Patient must be premenopausal confirmed by serum estradiol level in the premenopausal range (> 25 pg/ml) at the beginning of the study; for women on oral contraceptives, these agents must be held for two weeks before the estradiol assessment is made
Patient must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 7 days of registration
Patient's tumor must be ER+ with or without concomitant progesterone receptor-positive (PR+) with an Allred score of 6, 7 or 8; patients with > 66.6% of cells staining positive by conventional immunohistochemistry (IHC) have a minimum Allred score of 6 and are eligible
Patient's tumors must be HER2 negative by local laboratory assessment: HER2 IHC 0, 1+, or 2+ with subsequent negative fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) (ratio < 1.8); negative FISH alone in absence of IHC is acceptable
Patient must have T2-T4c, any N, M0 breast cancer, by clinical staging (physical examination)
Patient's primary tumor must be palpable and measure > 2 cm by tape, ruler or caliper measurements in at least one dimension
Patient must have mammogram and ultrasound of the breast within 42 days prior to registration; if a patient has clinically palpable or suspicious nodes, then an ultrasound of the axilla is also required
Patient, as documented by the treating physician, must be clinically staged as one of the following:
- T4 a-c for which modified radical mastectomy with negative margins is the goal
- T2 or T3 for which conversion from needing mastectomy to breast conservation is the goal
- T2 for which lumpectomy at first attempt is the goal
Patient must be > or = 18 years old.
Patient must stop taking all forms of hormonal treatment, including oral or other form of hormonal contraceptive methods and all forms of hormone replacement therapy, at least two weeks prior to starting protocol therapy
Patient must agree to use a "highly-effective form of non-hormonal contraception" (applies to patient and/or partner)
Patient must be willing to undergo oophorectomy, if indicated
Patient must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of =< 2
Patient must have normal organ and marrow function as defined below:
Leukocytes >= 3,000/mcL
Absolute neutrophil count >= 1,500/mcL
Platelets >= 100,000/mcL
Total bilirubin within normal institutional limits
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) =< 3.0 X institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)
Creatinine within normal institutional limits OR
Creatinine clearance >= 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for patients with creatinine levels above institutional normal
If the patient is a cancer survivor, all of the following criteria must be met
Patient has undergone potentially curative therapy from all prior malignancies
Patient must have no evidence of any prior malignancies for at least 5 years with no evidence of recurrence (except for successfully treated cervical carcinoma in situ, lobular carcinoma in situ of the breast, contralateral ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) treated with mastectomy or lumpectomy and radiation but without tamoxifen treatment, or non-melanoma skin cancer with no evidence of recurrence)
Patient must be deemed by her treating physician to be at low risk (< 30%) for recurrence from prior malignancies
Patient must be able to understand and willing to sign a written informed consent document

Exclusion Criteria

Patient must not have inflammatory breast cancer defined as clinically significant erythema of the breast and/or documented dermal lymphatic invasion (not direct skin invasion by tumor or peau d'orange without erythema)
Patient must not have had prior treatment for invasive breast cancer, including radiation, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, or investigational agent; patients whose diagnosis was established by incision biopsy are not eligible
Patient must not have had prior DCIS in the ipsilateral breast
Patient must not have used tamoxifen for prior contralateral DCIS
Patient must not have any evidence of distant metastasis (M1) on imaging; staging scans are not mandatory but any exams performed as standard of care throughout the study period will be collected for correlation as needed
If patient does not agree to undergo mastectomy or lumpectomy after neoadjuvant therapy, she is ineligible for this study
Patient must not be receiving other investigational agents or be enrolled in another neoadjuvant clinical trial for treatment of the existing breast cancer
Pregnant and/or breastfeeding women are excluded from this study
Patient must not have any concurrent life threatening illnesses
Patient must not have undergone prior sentinel lymph node surgery; cores or FNA of lymph node are acceptable

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Group 3 (E2 > 15 pg/ml)	goserelin acetate	Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Patients receive standard neoadjuvant therapy at the discretion of the physician. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Postsurgical treatment at physician discretion.
Group 1 (Ki67 <10%, E2 <= 15 pg/ml)	Surgery	Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Neoadjuvant treatment repeats every 28 days for a total of 16-18 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Recommendations for postsurgical treatment will be based on PEPI score and physician discretion.
Group 1 (Ki67 <10%, E2 <= 15 pg/ml)	goserelin acetate	Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Neoadjuvant treatment repeats every 28 days for a total of 16-18 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Recommendations for postsurgical treatment will be based on PEPI score and physician discretion.
Group 3 (E2 > 15 pg/ml)	chemotherapy	Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Patients receive standard neoadjuvant therapy at the discretion of the physician. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Postsurgical treatment at physician discretion.
Group 3 (E2 > 15 pg/ml)	Surgery	Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Patients receive standard neoadjuvant therapy at the discretion of the physician. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Postsurgical treatment at physician discretion.
Group 2 (Ki67 >= 10%, E2 <= 15 pg/ml)	goserelin acetate	Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Patients receive standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Postsurgical treatment at physician discretion.
Group 2 (Ki67 >= 10%, E2 <= 15 pg/ml)	chemotherapy	Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Patients receive standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Postsurgical treatment at physician discretion.
Group 2 (Ki67 >= 10%, E2 <= 15 pg/ml)	Surgery	Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Patients receive standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Postsurgical treatment at physician discretion.
Group 1 (Ki67 <10%, E2 <= 15 pg/ml)	letrozole	Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Neoadjuvant treatment repeats every 28 days for a total of 16-18 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Recommendations for postsurgical treatment will be based on PEPI score and physician discretion.
Group 1 (Ki67 <10%, E2 <= 15 pg/ml)	anastrozole	Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Neoadjuvant treatment repeats every 28 days for a total of 16-18 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Recommendations for postsurgical treatment will be based on PEPI score and physician discretion.
Group 2 (Ki67 >= 10%, E2 <= 15 pg/ml)	anastrozole	Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Patients receive standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Postsurgical treatment at physician discretion.
Group 2 (Ki67 >= 10%, E2 <= 15 pg/ml)	letrozole	Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Patients receive standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Postsurgical treatment at physician discretion.
Group 3 (E2 > 15 pg/ml)	anastrozole	Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Patients receive standard neoadjuvant therapy at the discretion of the physician. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Postsurgical treatment at physician discretion.
Group 3 (E2 > 15 pg/ml)	letrozole	Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Patients receive standard neoadjuvant therapy at the discretion of the physician. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Postsurgical treatment at physician discretion.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Pathologic Complete Response (CR) Rate	1 month	* In patients with Ki67 \>10% and \<= 15 pg/ml at 4 weeks. * The pCR rate for neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is defined as 100 times the number of eligible patients with no histologic evidence of invasive tumor cells in the surgical breast specimen and the axillary or sentinel lymph nodes divided by the total number of eligible patients who received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.
Acceptability of Management With Surgical Oophorectomy/Continued LHRH With Continued Oral Endocrine Therapy and no Chemotherapy	6 months post neoadjuvant endocrine therapy and surgery	Proportion of patients with a PEPI score of 0 and pathological stage 1 who choose to forego chemotherapy.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Relationship Between Pretreatment FFNP-PET Standard Uptake Value (SUV) and 4-week Post-treatment Ki-67	Baseline and 4 weeks post-treatment
PEPI-0 Rate in Patients Whose Estradiol is Fully Suppressed (< or = 15 pg/mL) and Tumor Ki67 Level is 10% or Less	16 weeks
Preoperative Endocrine Prognostic Index Score (PEPI Score)	At time of definitive surgery	To obtain the PEPI score, risk points for relapse-free survival (RFS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) are assigned depending on the hazard ratio (HR) from the multivariable analysis. The total PEPI score assigned to each patient is the sum of the risk points derived from the pT stage, pN stage, Ki67 level, and estrogen receptor status of the surgical specimen. A HR in the range of 1 to 2 receives one risk point; a HR in the 2 to 2.5 range, two risk points; a HR greater than 2.5, three risk points. The total risk point score for each patient is the sum of all the risk points accumulated from the four factors in the model, ranges from 0 (best possible outcome) to 12 (worst possible outcome).