Charting the Path to Elimination: Insights into Immune Responses to Measles, Mumps, and Rubella in an Adult South Indian Community Cohort

This study aims to evaluate long-term immunity to measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) among adults in South India, a population often overlooked in immunization programs. Despite India’s efforts toward measles and rubella elimination, significant immunity gaps remain, with declining antibody levels in adults and recurring mumps outbreaks. The study will measure binding and neutralizing antibodies, memory T-cell responses, and CD4+ T-cell help functions in adults aged between 18–40 years. Using advanced assays, including pseudovirus neutralization and T–B cell co-culture, the study will provide comprehensive insights into both humoral and cellular immunity. The findings will inform evidence-based recommendations for targeted booster doses, guide inclusion of mumps in the National Immunisation Programme, and strengthen outbreak preparedness. By addressing critical immunity gaps, this research directly supports India’s national priorities in infectious disease control and contributes to achieving measles and rubella elimination while enhancing protection against mumps.