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Assessment of DHA On Reducing Early Preterm Birth

Phase 3
Completed
Conditions
Preterm Birth
Interventions
Drug: Docosahexaenoic acid - 200mg/day
Drug: Docosahexaenoic acid - 800mg/day
Other: Placebo
Registration Number
NCT02626299
Lead Sponsor
University of Kansas Medical Center
Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine if giving a larger amount of DHA than currently included in some prenatal supplements can reduce early preterm birth (birth before 34 weeks of pregnancy).

Detailed Description

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a nutrient found in some fish and eggs and its intake in US diets is typically low. Because DHA is important for early brain development, it has recently been added to many prenatal supplements. The usual amount is around 200 mg/day. Participants in this study are guaranteed to receive at least 200 mg/day of DHA.

Almost 5 in 100 births in the US occur before 34 weeks of pregnancy. There is no way to predict which births will occur before 34 weeks. In an earlier study conducted at the University of Kansas Medical Center, women who received 600 mg DHA/day compared to no DHA had fewer births before 34 weeks of pregnancy with fewer complications of preterm birth.

This study is designed to compare standard care (200 mg/day of DHA) to a higher amount of DHA (1000 mg/day) to determine if the higher amount will reduce early preterm birth (birth before 34 weeks of pregnancy). Individual participation in this study is expected last about 5 months.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
Female
Target Recruitment
1100
Inclusion Criteria
  • Pregnant females 18 years and older 12 to 20 weeks gestation at study entry
  • Agree to consume study capsules and a typical prenatal supplement of 200 mg DHA
  • Available by telephone
  • Able to speak and read in either English or Spanish language
Exclusion Criteria
  • Expecting multiple infants
  • Gestational age at baseline <12 weeks or >20 weeks
  • Unable or unwilling to agree to consume capsules until delivery
  • Unwilling to discontinue use of another prenatal supplement that contains greater than or equal to 200 mg DHA per day
  • Women with allergy to any component of DHA product (including algae), soybean oil or corn oil

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
200 mg/day DHADocosahexaenoic acid - 200mg/dayParticipants will receive 2 placebo pills/day that do not contain DHA. Like the experimental group, they will be given a supplement of Docosahexaenoic acid - 200mg/day , a common amount in prenatal vitamins.
200 mg/day DHAPlaceboParticipants will receive 2 placebo pills/day that do not contain DHA. Like the experimental group, they will be given a supplement of Docosahexaenoic acid - 200mg/day , a common amount in prenatal vitamins.
1000 mg/day DHADocosahexaenoic acid - 800mg/dayThe intervention includes Docosahexaenoic acid - 800mg/day per day provided in two 400 mg capsules. The intervention group as well as the active comparator group will be given 1-200 mg/capsule per day of DHA that is a common amount in prenatal vitamins.
1000 mg/day DHADocosahexaenoic acid - 200mg/dayThe intervention includes Docosahexaenoic acid - 800mg/day per day provided in two 400 mg capsules. The intervention group as well as the active comparator group will be given 1-200 mg/capsule per day of DHA that is a common amount in prenatal vitamins.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Occurrence of Early Preterm Birth (<34 weeks gestation)Baseline to 34 weeks

Bayesian posterior mean and 95% credible interval of pregnancies which result in an early preterm birth (birth before 34 weeks of pregnancy) by DHA dose and DHA status at enrollment (low/high) (modified statistical analysis plan while study was underway)

Maternal and infant adverse and serious adverse eventsEnrollment to 30 days past last birth

Bayesian posterior mean and 95% credible interval by dose

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Admissiion of neonate to a neonatal intensive care unitbirth

Number of neonates admited to a neonatal intensive care unit by dose

Very low birth weightAt birth

Bayesian posterior mean and 95% credible interval \<1500 grams by dose

Preterm birth (<37 weeks)birth

Number of pregnancies ending in preterm birth by dose

Pre-eclampsia12-20 weeks gestation through birth at an average of 40 weeks

Number of patients with pre-eclampsia by dose

Cesarean sectionbirth

Number of patients with c-section by dose

Maternal and infant DHA statusbirth

Bayesian posterior mean and 95% credible interval red blood cell phospholipid DHA (weight percent of total fatty acids) at enrollment and birth by dose

Spontaneous laborbirth

Number of patients with spontaneous labor by dose

Low birth weightbirth

Bayesian posterior mean and 95% credible interval \<2500 grams by dose

Gestational agebirth

Bayesian posterior mean and 95% credible interval weeks gestation at birth by dose

Birth weightbirth

Bayesian posterior mean and 95% credible interval in grams by dose

Length and head circumferencebirth

Bayesian posterior mean and 95% credible interval in centimeters by dose

Gestational diabetes12-20 weeks gestation through birth at an average of 40 weeks

Number of patients with gestational diabetes by dose

Trial Locations

Locations (3)

Ohio State University

🇺🇸

Columbus, Ohio, United States

University of Cincinnati

🇺🇸

Cincinnati, Ohio, United States

University of Kansas Medical Center

🇺🇸

Kansas City, Kansas, United States

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