A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of NVA237 in Patients With Moderate to Severe COPD

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Interventions: Drug: NVA237
Drug: Placebo
Drug: Salbutamol

Registration Number: NCT02371629

Lead Sponsor: Novartis Pharmaceuticals

Brief Summary: This study is a post-authorization commitment to the European Medicines Agency (EMA). The study serves to determine whether the treatment of patients with stable, symptomatic Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) with the investigational drug NVA237 is efficient and safe. The efficacy and safety of the drug was tested for twice daily dosing against once daily dosing.

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 776

Inclusion Criteria

Written informed consent must be obtained before any assessment is performed
Male and female adults aged ≥40 years
Patients with stable COPD according to the current GOLD strategy (GOLD 2014)
Current or ex-smokers who have a smoking history of at least 10 pack years- an ex-smoker may be defined as a subject who has not smoked for ≥ 6 months at screening
mMRC grade of at least 2 at Visit 101
Patients with airflow limitation indicated by a post-bronchodilator FEV1 ≥ 30 % and < 80 % of the predicted normal, and a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.70 at Visit 101.

Exclusion Criteria

Pregnant or nursing (lactating) women, where pregnancy is defined as the state of a female after conception and until the termination of gestation, confirmed by a positive hCG laboratory test; Women of child-bearing potential, defined as all women physiologically capable of becoming pregnant, unless they are using effective methods of contraception during dosing of study treatment
Patients with Type I or uncontrolled Type II diabetes; Patients with a history of long QT syndrome or whose QTc measured at run-in (Fridericia method) is prolonged (>450 ms for males and >460 for females) and confirmed by a central assessor
Patients requiring long term oxygen therapy prescribed for >12 h per day; Patients with any history of asthma.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
NVA237 Once daily	Placebo	Patients randomized to this arm received an NVA237 44 μg capsule in the morning and a placebo capsule in the evening for 26 weeks. All participants received salbutamol as rescue medicine.
NVA237 Twice daily	NVA237	Patients randomized to this arm received an NVA237 22 μg capsule in the morning and evening for 26 weeks. All participants received salbutamol as rescue medicine.
NVA237 Once daily	NVA237	Patients randomized to this arm received an NVA237 44 μg capsule in the morning and a placebo capsule in the evening for 26 weeks. All participants received salbutamol as rescue medicine.
NVA237 Twice daily	Salbutamol	Patients randomized to this arm received an NVA237 22 μg capsule in the morning and evening for 26 weeks. All participants received salbutamol as rescue medicine.
NVA237 Once daily	Salbutamol	Patients randomized to this arm received an NVA237 44 μg capsule in the morning and a placebo capsule in the evening for 26 weeks. All participants received salbutamol as rescue medicine.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change From Baseline in Trough Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1) at Week 12	Baseline, Week 12	Spirometry testing was performed in accordance with American Thoracic Society standards. Trough FEV1 defined as the mean of two measurements at 23 hours 15 minutes and 23 hour 45 minutes post dosing. Baseline FEV1 was defined as the average of the -45 minutes and -15 minutes FEV1 values taken on Day 1. An analysis-of-covariance (ANCOVA) for repeated measurements, also known as mixed model for repeated measures (MMRM), was performed for the change from baseline of trough FEV1 at Week 12. The model included treatment, COPD severity, baseline smoking status, baseline ICS use, region, and visit (Day 1, and Weeks 12 and 26) as factors and baseline FEV1 as a covariate.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change From Baseline in Area Under The Curve (AUC) for Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1) for Different Time Spans Post Dosing at Week 26	Baseline, 0-12 hour, 0-24 hour , 12-24 hour post dose at Week 26	The standardized Area Under the Curve (AUC) for Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) is assessed for different time spans (0-12h, 0-24h, 12-24h) within the overall serial measurement post dosing at week 26 of treatment. Baseline FEV1 was defined as the average of the -45 minutes and -15 minutes FEV1 values taken on Day 1.
Change From Baseline in Total St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) Score at Week 12 and Week 26	Baseline, 12 Weeks, 26 Weeks	The health status, as reported by the patients, is assessed using the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). The SGRQ contains 50 items divided into 2 parts covering 3 aspects of health related to COPD: * Part I covers "Symptoms" and is concerned with respiratory symptoms, their frequency and severity * Part II covers "Activity" and is concerned with activities that caused or are limited by breathlessness * Part II is also concerned with "Impacts", which covers a range of aspects concerned with social functioning and psychological disturbances resulting from airways disease. A score was calculated for each of these three subscales and the total score was calculated. In each case, the lowest possible value was 0 and the highest 100. Higher values corresponded to greater impairment of health status.
Change From Baseline in Area Under The Curve (AUC) for Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1) for Different Time Spans Post Dosing at Week 12	Baseline, 0-12 hour, 0-24 hour , 12-24 hour post dose at Week 12	The standardized Area Under the Curve (AUC) for Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) is assessed for different time spans (0-12h, 0-24h, 12-24h) within the overall serial measurement post dosing at week 12 of treatment. Baseline FEV1 was defined as the average of the -45 minutes and -15 minutes FEV1 values taken on Day 1.
Change From Baseline in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) at Individual Timepoints at Week 26	Baseline, Week 26 (Day 183-184)	Mixed model for repeated measures was used to analyze change from baseline in FVC. Baseline FVC is defined as the average of the -45 min and -15 min FVC values taken on Day 1 prior to first dose.
Change From Baseline in Area Under The Curve (AUC 0-12 Hour) for Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1) Post Dosing at Day 1	Baseline, 0-12 hour post dose at Day 1	The standardized Area Under the Curve (AUC) for Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) is assessed for 0-12 hour, post dosing at Day 1 of treatment. Baseline FEV1 was defined as the average of the -45 minutes and -15 minutes FEV1 values taken on Day 1.
Percentage of Patients With a Clinically Significant Improvement in St George Respiratory Questionnaire at Week 12 and Week 26	Baseline, 12 Weeks, 26 Weeks	The health status, as reported by the patients, is assessed using the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). The SGRQ contains 50 items divided into 2 parts covering 3 aspects of health related to COPD: * Part I covers "Symptoms" and is concerned with respiratory symptoms, their frequency and severity * Part II covers "Activity" and is concerned with activities that caused or are limited by breathlessness * Part II is also concerned with "Impacts", which covers a range of aspects concerned with social functioning and psychological disturbances resulting from airways disease. A score was calculated for each of these three subscales and the total score was calculated. In each case, the lowest possible value was 0 and the highest 100. A clinically significant improvement is defined as ≥ 4 unit improvement from baseline score (a decrease of ≥ 4).
Change From Baseline in Transitional Dyspnea Index (TDI) Focal Score at Week 12 and Week 26	Baseline, 12 Weeks, 26 Weeks	Breathlessness at Week 12 and Week 26 is measured using the Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI). On day 1, breathlessness is assessed by the Baseline Dyspnea Index (BDI). Baseline Dyspnea Index (BDI)/Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) focal score is based on three domains: functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort and captures changes from baseline. BDI was measured at day 1 prior to the first dose with domain scores ranging from 0=very severe to 4=no impairment and a total score ranging from 0 to 12(best). TDI captures changes from baseline. Each domain is scored from -3=major deterioration to 3=major improvement to give an overall TDI focal score of -9 to 9. Higher numbers indicate a better score.
Percentage of Patients With a Clinically Important Improvement on Transitional Dyspnea Index (TDI) Focal Score at Week 12 and Week 26	Baseline, 12 Weeks, 26 Weeks	Breathlessness at Week 12 and Week 26 is measured using the Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI). On day 1, breathlessness is assessed by the Baseline Dyspnea Index (BDI). Baseline Dyspnea Index (BDI)/Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) focal score is based on three domains: functional impairment, magnitude of task and magnitude of effort and captures changes from baseline. BDI was measured at day 1 prior to the first dose with domain scores ranging from 0=very severe to 4=no impairment and a total score ranging from 0 to 12(best). TDI captures changes from baseline. Each domain is scored from -3=major deterioration to 3=major improvement to give an overall TDI focal score of -9 to 9. Higher numbers indicate a better score. Clinically important improvement indicates ≥ 1 unit in the TDI focal score at Weeks 12 and 26 in comparison to BDI focal score (an increase of ≥ 1).
Change From Baseline in Trough Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1) at Day 1 and Week 26	Baseline, Day 1, Week 26	Spirometry testing was performed in accordance with American Thoracic Society standards. Trough FEV1 defined as the mean of two measurements at 23 hours 15 minutes and 23 hour 45 minutes post dosing. Baseline FEV1 was defined as the average of the -45 minutes and -15 minutes FEV1 values taken on Day 1. An analysis-of-covariance (ANCOVA) for repeated measurements, also known as mixed model for repeated measures (MMRM), was performed for the change from baseline of trough FEV1. The model included treatment, COPD severity, baseline smoking status, baseline ICS use, region, and visit (Day 1, and Weeks 12 and 26) as factors and baseline FEV1 as a covariate.
Change From Baseline in Inspiratory Capacity (IC) at Individual Timepoints at Week 26	Baseline, Week 26 (Day 183-184)	Mixed model for repeated measures was used to analyze change from baseline in IC.
Change From Baseline in Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1) at Individual Timepoints at Week 26	Baseline, Week 26 (Day 183-184)	Mixed model for repeated measures was used to analyze change from baseline in FEV1. Baseline FEV1 is defined as the average of the -45 min and -15 min FEV1 values taken on Day 1 prior to first dose.
Change From Baseline in the Percentage of Days With no Rescue Medication Use Over the 26 Weeks	Baseline, 26 Weeks	Patients report the number of puffs of rescue medication (salbutamol / albuterol) using an electronic diary. change from baseline in percentage of days without rescue medication usage over 26 weeks was analyzed.
Change From Baseline in Mean Daily COPD Symptom Score at Week 26	Baseline, 26 Weeks	Patients reported symptoms by using an electronic diary. The mean daily total symptom score, the mean morning symptom score and the mean evening symptom score were calculated for each patient over 26 weeks. Each symptom measured in a numeric rating scale of 0-10; 0 indicates no symptom and 10 indicates severe symptom. 0 is no waking due to symptoms, 1 woke up once, 2 woke up more than once due to symptoms ; 10 was the worst score.The daily score for an individual symptom score was the worst of the morning and evening scores on a particular day. If either the morning or evening score was missing for a symptom then the non-missing value was taken as the worst. A negative change indicates improvement. Only the scores for the 6 COPD symptoms (respiratory symptoms, cough, wheeze, production of sputum, sputum color, and breathlessness) were used to derive the total symptom score
Number of Patients With Adverse Events, Serious Adverse Events and Death	26 Weeks	This endpoint reports patients affected by any adverse events (AE), serious adverse events (SAE) and death. Only treatment emergent AE, SAE, deaths are reported for this endpoint.