Dietary Fatty Acid Composition and Obesity-related Metabolic Abnormalities

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Overweight/Obese Women
• Interventions: Other: High Fat Diet

• Registration Number: NCT01451970
• Lead Sponsor: University of Michigan

Brief Summary

Individuals have a significant capacity to adapt to different environments by changing their core metabolic pathways. This adaptation is especially important in regards to diet. Epidemiological research over the last several decades have shown that diets high in saturated fats have a greater ability to cause insulin resistance and the 'metabolic syndrome' while diets low in saturated fats (or a so called 'Mediterranean Diet), reduces the risk for cardiovascular disease. In humans, experimental diets high in unsaturated fats, as compared to high carbohydrate or high saturated fat diets, result in increased insulin sensitivity and improved lipid profiles.

In this application, the investigators propose to systematically assess the effects of two diets enriched in either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids and determine the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the apparent increase in insulin sensitivity. The investigators hypothesize that individuals will 'adapt' to the different diets and the investigators will be able to generate predictive alterations in gene expression and metabolites that underlie the alterations in metabolism. In parallel, the investigators will test the ability of these different diets to affect the release of gastrointestinal hormones that may be critical to modulation of appetite.

Detailed Description

Not available

Basic Information
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Recruitment & Eligibility
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Study & Design
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Trial Locations

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2007-08
• Primary Completion: 2010-12-12
• Study Completion: 2010-12-12
• Study First Submitted: 2011-10-11
• Study First Submitted QC: 2011-10-13
• Study First Posted: 2011-10-14
• Status Verified: 2022-03
• Last Update Submitted: 2022-03-18
• Last Update Posted: 2022-03-21

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: Female
• Target Recruitment: 40

Inclusion Criteria

• Premenopausal females with BMI range of 25-32 kg/m2

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Exclusion Criteria

• Evidence of metabolic or cardiovascular disease, Fasting plasma glucose concentration > 125mg/dl, Abnormal EKG, Hyperlipidemia (plasma triglyceride concentration > 150mg/dl), Pregnancy, Hematocrit <34%

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
High Monounsaturated Fat Diet	High Fat Diet	Subjects will adhere to their specific diet for four weeks. The diet will be a weight-maintaining diet, and the target nutrient composition for diets will be 55% carbohydrate, 30% fat, 15% protein. For the monounsaturated fat treatment (M diet) approximately 10% of all lipids ingested will be saturated.
High Saturated Fat Diet	High Fat Diet	Subjects will adhere to their specific diet for four weeks. The diet will be a weight-maintaining diet, and the target nutrient composition for diets will be 55% carbohydrate, 30% fat, 15% protein. For the saturated fat treatment (S diet) approximately 40% of all lipids ingested will be saturated.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Insulin Sensitivity	2-3 hours	A hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp will be used to assess insulin sensitivity.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Resting Metabolic Rate	20-30 min

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Michigan Clincal Research Unit; 🇺🇸 Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States