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Cough Assist Device in Mechanically Ventilated Patients

Not Applicable
Conditions
Mechanically Ventilated Patients
Interventions
Device: Mechanical insufflation/exsufflation
Device: Conventional tracheal suctioning
Registration Number
NCT05480371
Lead Sponsor
Assiut University
Brief Summary

Aspiration of respiratory secretions is a frequently needed procedure in intubated patients .

Cough is an important defence mechanism to clear mucus from the upper and lower airways . The presence of an endotracheal tube impairs the ability to cough.There are a number of techniques to mobilise sputum and optimise airway clearance for invasively ventilated patients. Endotracheal suctioning is the most common intervention used to remove retained airway secretions from within the endotracheal tube, trachea and upper airways .Mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E) aids sputum clearance from upper and lower airways. This technique augments inspiratory and expiratory flows to improve sputum mobilisation, through the application of rapidly alternating positive and negative pressure, which approximates a normal cough

Detailed Description

Critically ill patients under invasive ventilation are at risk for sputum retention . Aspiration of respiratory secretions is a frequently needed procedure in intubated patients .

Cough is an important defence mechanism to clear mucus from the upper and lower airways . The presence of an endotracheal tube impairs the ability to cough. This prevents the enhancement of cough velocity . Furthermore, critically ill patients frequently have an impaired or no cough reflex due to depressed levels of consciousness, sedation, muscle weakness or muscle paralysis. Sputum retention, resulting from an inability to cough effectively, is one cause of extubation failure which in turn is associated with increased mortality.

There are a number of techniques to mobilise sputum and optimise airway clearance for invasively ventilated patients. Endotracheal suctioning is the most common intervention used to remove retained airway secretions from within the endotracheal tube, trachea and upper airways . Endotracheal suctioning though is not effective for clearing secretions from the lower airways .

New technologies and advanced methods have been developed to increase the effectiveness of mucus clearance in patients with acute respiratory failure, including mechanical insufflation-exsufflation devices. This technique has been described as an effective aid for mucus clearance in patients with chronic muscle weakness or neuromuscular disease.

Mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E) aids sputum clearance from upper and lower airways. This technique augments inspiratory and expiratory flows to improve sputum mobilisation, through the application of rapidly alternating positive and negative pressure, which approximates a normal cough .

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
200
Inclusion Criteria

Adult patients of both sexes on mechanical ventilation in RICU with any respiratory disease

Mechanically ventilated Patients without facial trauma

Mechanically ventilated Patients hemodynamically stable

Exclusion Criteria

Patients diagnosed with barotrauma

Patients diagnosed with pneumothorax

History of bullous emphysema Known susceptibility to pneumothorax or pneumo-mediastinum

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
mechanical insufflation exsufflationMechanical insufflation/exsufflationThe mechanical insufflation-exsufflation will be performed with the which will be applied 5 times in 5cough cycles in automatic mode, with insufflation and exsufflation pressures of + 40/-40 cmH2O, respectively. The duration of each phase was 3 s, without pause, and tracheal suctioning will be performed at the end of the procedure. Hyperoxygenation (100% O2) will be performed for 1 min before applying each technique and a 20 s interval will be allowed between repetitions. The secretion collected after each procedure will be stored in a disposable bronchial secretion collector for later weighing
Conventional endotracheal suctioningConventional tracheal suctioningTracheal suctioning will be performed following the American Association for Respiratory Care recommendations: closed suction system, suction catheter with maximal internal-to-external diameter ratio of 0.5, delivery of 100% oxygen 30 s immediately before and 1 min after the procedure, duration of 15 s, and vacuum pressure of ±150 mmHg
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Assess effects of MIE on heart rate1 year

Heart rate measured by beats per minute

Assess effects of MIE on blood pressur1 year

Blood pressure measuered in mmHg

Assess effects of MIE on Volume of Secretions1 year

Volume of Secretions measured in ml

Assess effects of MIE on respiratory rate1 year

Respiratory rate measured by breaths per minute

Assess effects of MIE on tidal volume1 year

Tidal volume measured in cubic centimeter

Assess effects of MIE on minute ventilation1 year
Assess effects of MIE on Oxygen saturation1 year
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Assess safety of Mechanical insufflation-exsufflation1 year

assess safety according to number of complications e.g (hypotension, arrythmias, oxygen desaturaion, pneumothorax) and number of participants with complications

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