The Effect of Nurse-Led Diabetic Foot Self-Management Training Program on Diabetic Foot Knowledge, Foot Care Behavior, and Self-Efficacy Levels in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Study
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 招募中
- 入组人数
- 50
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale (DABS)
研究概览
简要总结
Diabetic foot is one of the most important chronic complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), which is a global health problem today. Diabetic foot not only affects the individual's quality of life, body image, role performance, and social and economic structure of the family and society but also creates a serious burden on the individual's family and health system. Therefore, some approaches that include foot and nail care, shoe and sock(s) selection, nutrition, and exercise practices are recommended to prevent diabetic foot and to increase functional capacity, without the need for surgical treatment. It is crucial to maintain these recommended approaches throughout the patient's life to ensure effective management of the diabetic foot. This study aims to determine the effect of the nurse-led diabetic foot self-management training program on diabetic foot knowledge, foot care behavior, and self-efficacy level in patients with type 2 DM. This study was planned in a randomized controlled design. The population of the study will consist of type 2 DM patients who do not use insulin therapy and who applied to University of Health Sciences Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital Diabetes outpatient clinic and Diabetes Education outpatient clinic between September 2022 and September 2023. According to the power analysis, 38 participants are targeted to be reached in total. Data will be collected with a Personal Information Form, Diabetic Foot Information Scale, Foot Care Behavior Scale, Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale, and Diabetic Foot Evaluation Form. As a result of this study, it is expected that the nurse-led diabetic foot self-management training program will increase the diabetic foot knowledge, foot care behavior and self-efficacy levels of diabetic foot knowledge, foot care behavior, and self-efficacy level in patients with type 2 DM.
详细描述
The data to be obtained from the research will be evaluated by transferring them to the IBM SPSS (Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences) Statistics 23 program. Descriptive statistics for continuous variables (mean, standard deviation, median, minimum, maximum), frequency distribution will be used for categorical variables. Differences between categorical variables will be evaluated with Chi-square test and Fisher Exact test, and relations between numerical variables will be evaluated with Spearman Correlation Analysis. The conformity of the data to the normal distribution will be evaluated with the Shapiro Wilk test of normality and Q-Q graphs. Accordingly, if the parametric test assumptions are met, the Significance Test of the Difference Between Two Means in the comparison of independent group differences; If the parametric test assumptions cannot be met, the Mann-Whitney U test will be used. In dependent group comparisons, if parametric test assumptions are met, Analysis of Variance in Repeated Measurements and Significance Test of Difference Between Two Spouses; Friedman Test and Wilcoxon Paired Two Sample Test will be used when parametric test assumptions are not met. A value of p ≤ 0.05 will be considered statistically significant in all analyses.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Other
- 盲法
- Double (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •18 years and older
- •Having Type 2 DM for 1 year or more,
- •HbA1C level of 7.5% and below,
- •Not using insulin therapy,
- •Able to use WhatsApp himself or his relatives
- •Individuals who volunteer to participate in the research will be included in the research.
排除标准
- •Pregnant or having a pregnancy plan,
- •Mental or cognitive impairment
- •Having a diabetic foot diagnosis confirmed by a physician,
- •Individuals with advanced complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, peripheral arterial disease, etc.) associated with DM diagnosed by a physician
结局指标
主要结局
Diabetic Foot Care Self-Efficacy Scale (DABS)
时间窗: It will be applied to the participants at baseline, pre- training, as well as at the 1 month and 8 month follow ups.
It is a Likert-type scale developed by Quarles in 2005 in accordance with western culture to determine the self-perception of diabetic patients in performing diabetic foot care activities. Self-efficacy is measured by scoring between 0 and 10. The scale consists of 9 items. The 9 statements that make up the scale are evaluated on the 11-digit visual scale, which is stated as "I'm not sure = 0 and very sure = 10". The lowest score of the scale is 0, and the highest score is 90. As the score obtained from the scale increases, the diabetic foot self-efficacy level increases. The Cronbach's alpha value of the sub-dimensions of the scale was 0.94. The validity and reliability study of the scale in the Turkish population was carried out by Kir Bicer and Enc (2014), and the Cronbach alpha value was found to be 0.86.
Foot Care Behavior Scale (USAS)
时间窗: It will be applied to the participants at baseline, pre- training, as well as at the 1 month and 8 month follow ups.
There are 16 items in the scale developed by Borges (2007) in line with the criteria of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) in order to improve foot care behaviors in patients with diabetes (51). The Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Kır Biçer and Enç (2014), and it was adapted as a 15-item Foot Care Behavior Scale in line with expert opinions. Each item in the scale is rated on a Likert-type scale between 1 (never) and 5 (always do). The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 15; the highest score is 75; High scores indicate that foot care behavior is sufficient. The Cronbach's alpha value for the Turkish version of the scale was found to be 0.83 (high reliability).
Diabetic Foot Knowledge Scale (DABI)
时间窗: It will be applied to the participants at baseline, pre- training, as well as at the 1 month and 8 month follow ups.
The Turkish validity-reliability study of the scale developed by Alexandra et al.(2001) to evaluate the diabetic foot information of diabetic patients was conducted by Biçer and Enç (2011). The scale consists of 5 items. Diabetic foot knowledge is evaluated using a 5-item DABÖ, a subscale. The Cronbach alpha value of the Turkish version of the scale was 0.58.
次要结局
- Diabetic Foot Evaluation Form (DADF)(It will be applied to the participants at baseline, pre- training, as well as at the 1 month and 8 month follow ups.)
研究者
Emine Celik Polat
Nurse
Hacettepe University